早期斗姆摩利支天文本探討：以《先天雷晶隱書》為中心

An Analysis on Daoist Texts of Dipper Mother Marici: “Hidden Scripture of Anterior Heaven Thunder Crystal＂

摩利支天源於印度，傳播於印度不同宗教傳統，並傳遞到中亞、中國、西藏、韓國、日本、東南亞等地，形成不同的形象與信仰，是泛亞洲跨文化的信仰現象。摩利支天是跨東亞的信仰母題，在每個區域都有地方化或結合地方傳統的現象。本文探討摩利支天文本的流傳，包括佛教漢譯的摩利支天經典群，並將討論焦點集中在斗姆的摩利支天的文本分析。文中檢視斗姆摩利支天的相關文本，然後以《先天雷晶隱書》作為核心的考察對象。本文認為《先天雷晶隱書》屬於神霄的新整合系統，其中整合了宋代以來不同的宗教傳統文本，這種整合在元代中、末時期完成。《先天雷晶隱書》是在既有的神祗系統中，去整合神霄的傳統，試圖建立一個以斗姆摩利支天為主神的宗教法術系統。這些內容包含了呈現密教、道教、雷法、內丹，並消泯了以上這些範疇的界限，形成相融的新宗教文本範式。

This paper examined the often-disregarded relationship between Buddhism and Daoism through a detailed investigation of the evolution of goddess Marici. The origin of goddess Marici cult was around the Indian subcontinent from fifth century and spread throughout central Asia, south Asia, China, Tibet, Korea, and Japan. In this paper, a number of comparisons concerning Marici's attributes and functions between Buddhism and Daoism were made. The article mainly inspected the analysis of the Daoist text ＂Hidden Scripture of Anterior Heaven Thunder Crystal＂, the assimilation process of Daoism cult, and lastly the development of Divine Tenuity of Daoism. In summary, the author explored the nature of the cult of Dipper Mother within the larger framework of Esoteric Buddhism, Daoist inner alchemy and Thunder magic.