屈原的身體思維──以屈賦中魂遊經歷為主的探討

The 'Body Thinking' of Quyuan - A Study Based on the Experience of Spirit-roaming in Qu-Fu

本文借用吳光明所提出的「身體思維」之概念並對照其對莊子身體思維所作的考察，從文本內容與文化背景兩方面來探討屈賦中魂遊經歷所表現出來的身體思維：首先是分析〈離騷〉所描述的昇天遠遊乃是以屈原的夢中魂遊經歷為基礎，而〈遠遊〉的昇天遠遊則是以先秦黃老道家的養生理論為根基，二者魂遊的型態並不相同；其次說明了從〈離騷〉到〈遠遊〉，屈原在身體思維上出現很大的進展，將「缺乏虛己的擴己」提升至「以虛己為基礎的擴己」能力，而達到能夠感受到萬物一體，甚至與造物者遊的境界；最後則是指出，不管是在〈離騷〉或是〈遠遊〉中，屈原始終無法割捨心中的思君念祖之情，昇天遠遊並非其最終的人生追求，而只是一種遊戲人間的想像姿態。

This paper applied the concept of 'body thinking' proposed by Wu Kuang-Ming and compared the results with previous analysis to investigate the body thinking manifested the experience of spirit-roaming in Qu-Fu. The analysis first focused on the elevation of the spirit based on two distinct forms, namely, the dream of Quyuan described in “LiSao” and the Good-Health doctrine of Daoism in “Yuan You” (Traveling Faraway). The analysis was further elaborated to describe the progression of Quyuan on Body thinking to the state of one with nature or even the creator. In conclusion, the sense of responsibility of Quyuan to his country and ancestors means that the elevation and roaming of the spirit will not be the ultimate aim of the earthly life but merely a gesture of the mind.