《品花寶鑑》：狹邪小說或世情小說

Pinhua Baojian: A Courtesan Novel or a Secular Novel

《品花寶鑑》向來被學界定位為狹邪小說的濫觴，然而既有之狹邪小說論述，乃是建立在以上海妓院為背景的後期狹邪小說，那麼，比《海上花列傳》早出近半個世紀，以北京梨園為背景，專寫士人與男旦關係的《品花寶鑑》，在類型歸屬上實有再斟酌的必要。尤其，狹邪小說上承世情小說敘事傳統，清代中期又有大量以北京梨園為背景的狹邪筆記（或稱梨園花譜），藉由這兩條線的對照，本文對《品花寶鑑》的類型定位提出了新的主張。

Scholars generally regard Pinhua baojian as the pioneering work of courtesan novels. However, contemporary studies on courtesan novels always start their arguments on the basis of later courtesan novels whose backgrounds are Shanghai brothels. Therefore, it is necessary to reinvestigate the genre of Pinhua baojian, a work fifty-year earlier than Hanshanghua liezhuan. Moreover, unlike later courtesan novels, Pinhua baojian lays its background on Beijing opera circle and focuses on the relationship between literati and male dan of the Beijing opera performers. This paper offers Pinhua baojian a new place for its genre based on two parts. One is the courtesan novels' narrative tradition of secular novels, while the other is the prosperity of mid Qing courtesan notes based on relationships of Beijing opera singers, the so-called “theatrical flower guides.＂