杜甫病後的意義治療與自我實踐

The Logo Therapy and Self-realization of Du Fu after Illness

本文以杜甫疾病書寫詩文為研究對象，主要考察其患病後，儒學所起的治療作用，從而引發的生命意義之追尋與超克。杜甫向以儒者自居，自言「不敢忘本，不敢違仁」，從家庭傳統發悟自身的天命，中晚年病痛纏身，遭受巨大的身心磨難與生命困境，而其生命所浸染的儒家思想，如何幫助他超越生命的極限狀況，並在理想與現實的矛盾中完成自我實踐。因此，本文首先依據杜甫生命歷程分為患病前、後兩個部分，首先，論述健康無病時的人生任務課題，其次，於患病後，疾病如何造成杜甫生存意義的困滯，杜甫又如何突破此種極限狀態，發揮出自由意志之精神力量，尋獲意義而產生自我實踐之新動能。

This article took the 'illness-poem' written by Du Fu as the research subject. The objective was to observe the use of Confucianism as the treatment method during his sickness and how he was awaken by the meaning of life to overcome his illness. Du Fu treated himself as a Confucian, with a saying that he dared not forget his origin and disobey kindness. He realized his own life and mission through his family tradition. When he was in his late adulthood, he was suffered and distressed by illness, however, the Confucianism he had had helped him to overcome the life limitation and complete the self-realization between the ideal and reality. For this reason, this article separated Du Fu's missions into two aspects: before and after his illness. First, we discussed his life responsibility when he was healthy. Next, we discussed how the disease has brought him the difficulty and constructed mental distress about his existence, still Du Fu managed to break through this limitation and bring the spiritual strength of the freedom of will. In conclusion, his momentum of life and self-realization was found.