杜甫家族記憶中的兩性典範與生存感知──兼論父黨、母黨與妻黨的大家族觀

The Gender Paradigms and Perception of Survival in Du Fu's Memory - On the Concept of the Extended Family

本文從性別的角度切入，探討杜甫如何藉由揀擇母族與父黨中的典範人物，從而形塑個人人格特質與家族記憶，更清楚認識並且堅持自己的理念。全文主要分為三部分：首先從「經典的詮釋」、「朝廷的議論」、「規範與感念：大家族中的女性角色」三個面向，討論三黨九族大家族觀的理論建構；其次分別由「博學多才的遠祖杜預」、「才高傲世的祖父杜審言」，探究杜甫家族記憶中的男性典範；接著聚焦在「寬和能容的繼祖母盧氏」、「遘禍勤孝的外祖母李氏」、「處處周到、割慈行義的姑母杜氏」與「患難相隨、恆久忍耐的妻子楊氏」四種不同的女性典範，捕捉杜甫家族記憶中的女性典範；最後以結語綜述家族中的兩性典範對杜甫之影響。

The research studied from the gender perspective of how Du Fu shaped up his personality and family memories through observing the role models in his family. The research was divided into three realms. First, it reviewed the formation of the extended family in Chinese history, which was from the perspectives of the interpretation of the canon, an argument in the imperial court, and the female role in the extended family. Second, it discussed the male heroes who Du Fu set as good examples for his family, such as the erudite Du Yu and the talented Du Shen Yan. Third, it focused on the four types of ideal heroines in Du Fu's family, such as the tolerant step grandmother Luo, filial maternal grandmother Li, insightful aunt Du, and the dutiful wife Yang. Finally, it concluded the profound influence of those models have on Du Fu.