從宋代（10-13世紀）禪師擬寒山詩論「寒山體」的內涵轉變

Discussion on the Connotative Change of The Hanshan Poetic Style by Examining its Imitations of Chan Buddhist Monks during the Song Dynasty (10^(th) -13^(th) Century)

寒山詩在宋代禪林普遍流傳，因而有禪師創作「擬寒山詩」，成為禪宗文獻中的特殊表現。目前寒山相關研究業已累積相當質量的成果，但未見有人關注寒山在禪宗文獻中的運用問題。因此，本文以宋代禪師的「擬寒山詩」，來觀察寒山詩在宋代禪林的流傳和轉化。這些「擬寒山詩」的作者，既是寒山詩的讀者，同時是創作者，其擬作可視為其對寒山風格內涵理解的具體展現。那麼，宋代禪師擬寒山詩從語言風格到禪境內涵，出現怎樣的承繼與變異的軌跡？他們對於「寒山體」的風格認知，又形成怎樣的差異和轉變？不過本文重點不在比較擬作與原作風格的相似度，而是要透過擬作來觀察禪師對寒山詩風格內涵的掌握和變化，藉此探究「寒山體」內涵的轉變，以了解寒山詩在宋代禪門的傳播與接受情形。

During the Song Dynasty, Hanshan poetry was broadly disseminated, and it was frequently cited in Chan Buddhist literature. Currently, there is an accumulated amount of significant research results concerning Hanshan, but for the image creation of Hanshan in Song Dynasty Chan Buddhist literature, there have been no studies about the citation of poetry and imitation works. Hanshan poetry has been widely transmitted and used in Chan Buddhism texts, and some Chan Buddhist masters imitate these poems in the Song Dynasty. These authors who imitated Hanshan poetry were at the same time readers of Hanshan poetry and creators themselves, so their creations tend to understand Hanshan based on personal cultural outlooks; thus, there is a sense of transmission and acceptance between the imitations and the original. This paper will go beyond the investigation model of using historical materials to Hanshan, to find evidence for the life events of Hanshan, and rather focus on observing the dissemination of Hanshan Style and the acceptance of Hanshan poetry of the Chan Buddhist monks on the Song Dynasty.