王文興《背海的人》之句式風格探析

A Linguistic Stylistic Analysis of the Sentences in Wang Wen-hsing's Novel ‒ Backed Against the Sea

本文從語言風格角度探析王文興的長篇小說《背海的人》之句式風格。語言風格學是由語言學角度來研究文學語言運作的機制。王文興在創作時字斟句酌極為用心，連標點符號、符號形式也用心思量，獨特的創作理念聞名多年。其長篇小說《背海的人》上、下二冊完成歷經十餘年，故事中人物與主旨一脈進行，但語言風格特徵卻迥然相異。作品中有其獨特之語音、詞彙、語法句型等語言風格特徵，如「長句」特徵，在上冊中長句分佈普遍，而下冊鮮少出現長句，多是斷裂、重複疊現的短語或單詞。層次繁複的長句結構中有多元類型的詞彙及複雜層次的語句，而單詞短語亦有多元形式的變化，而展現出《背海的人》獨特的語言風格。本文先從量化分析句式的分布及密度，再深入句式結構，從語音、詞彙、句法等爬梳不同句式類型結構，形成閱讀上特殊的視覺感受，以及聽覺上的韻律節奏。

The main topic of this paper is to propose a linguistic stylistic analysis of the sentence types in the Wang Wen-hsing's novel ‒ Backed Against the Sea. Linguistic stylistics is considered as an approach to analyzing the literary works from the linguistic orientation, such as phonetic, morphological, vocabularies, and sentential patterns. Wang wrote the novels in the ornate style, he weighed every word and every sentence, even the punctuation symbols and spaces with great care. Thus, there are the especially outstanding linguistic stylistic features in the two volumes of Backed Against the Sea, which is completed after more than ten years. The stylistic features are so different, but the topic is just the same. His works are characterized by his unique language style such as pronunciation, vocabulary and grammatical patterns which is the long sentences with many kinds of words, phrases of hierarchical structures, connecting by the marker ＂de＂; however, many punctuation markers and spaces break the sentences into very short constituents; moreover, the functional words such as ＂de＂, ＂ke＂, ＂le＂ appear as the rhythmic units, make the short sentences with the poetic metrics.