日本上代文獻之異類女房說話的母題與特徵──以豊玉毘賣．肥長比賣為中心

The Motives and Features in the Stories of Heterogeneous Daughters-in-Law in Ancient Japanese Documents- Concentration on Toyotamahime and Hinagabime material

本稿接續前稿「日本上代文獻之蛇婿人說話的母題與特徵」之研究內容，更進一步深入探討異類婚姻說話。本稿主要以《古事記》《日本書紀》中所紀載擁有動物身體的豊玉毘賣和肥長比賣的故事為中心，進行異類女房說話的考察;同時將其考察的結果，和前稿（蛇婿人說話）的內容交叉比對，試圖找出異類婚姻說話發生的原因。透過上述的考察，筆者發現豊玉毘賣和肥長比賣，兩者都扮演著填補男主角的缺陷，並且透過結婚，使他們從男孩成長為男人之「性啟蒙者（成年式的意義）」的角色。異類女房說話的特色之一，正是述說男子成人式中的性啟蒙之要素。此點和同樣具有結婚的要素，但卻極其強調「始祖誕生」的「蛇婿人」說話，有著極大的差異。再者，異類女房們不僅是配偶，同時也具備「地母子神」的性格。此點也和蛇婿人說話中漠然地具有巫女性格的女性相當不同。

Following the previous article The Motif and Features in the Stories of Snake as Son-in-Law in Ancient Japanese Documents, this paper is going deeply into the stories of heterogeneous marriage. The research mainly focuses on the stories of Toyotamahime and Hinagabime who both own animal bodies in Kojiki and Nihonshoki, and then tries to explore content of heterogeneous daughter-in-law stories. Meanwhile, compare the exploration with the previous article, try to find why heterogeneous marriage stories happen. Through the above study, I have found that Toyotamahime and Hinagabime both play the roles of sexual enlightener to make up the actors' defect, help them to turn boys into men. One of the features of heterogeneous daughter-in-law stories is the element of sexual enlightener in male adult ceremony. It is totally different from the stories of snake as son-in-law, which have the same element of marriage but emphasize the “original birth. “ Furthermore, heterogeneous daughters-in-law are not only spouses, but also act as “the mother of the earth.” It is quite different from the women who just act as a witch in the snake as son-in-law stories.