日語教科書會話範例裡的「中途終了型發話」

“Unfinished Utterances” in Model Conversations of Japanese Language Textbooks

日語會話裡常可聽到「中途終了型發話」。但依先行研究結果指出，日語學習者有時因無法善用「中途終了型發話」而產生失禮的狀況。因此本稿以日語學習者在學習日語時最依靠的教課書為資料，針對會話範例裡的「中途終了型發話」做了調查。本稿從種類別（綜合教科書、聽解教科書、會話教科書）和程度別（初級、中高級）兩個觀點做了分析考察，獲得下列3點結果。I.全體平均出現率為40.1%。II.種類別上發現有其差異，但依教科書其出現比例差異更大。III.程度別的出現傾向分述為下列3點。(1)中高級教科書裡出現地較初級教科書為頻繁。(2)初級教科書和中高級教科書裡表現形式的出現比例差異極大。(3)從會話基本文體角度來看的話，和上述(2)一樣，初級教科書和中高級教科書裡亦觀察到不同的出現傾向。以上述等結果為基礎，提議在指導「中途終了型發話」時應留意下列3點。（A）不致失禮的音調。（B）與會話基本文體的關聯使用差異。（C）因使用文脈而產生的功能差異。

Unfinished utterances' are often used in Japanese conversation. However, it is reported that Japanese learners cannot master 'unfinished utterances' well and may inadvertently become impolite as a result. A lot of foreign language learners are studying the target language through a textbook. This study investigates how 'unfinished utterances' are used in the model conversations of the Japanese language textbooks. These 'unfinished utterances' were analyzed according to the kind of textbooks (integrated textbook, listening textbook, and conversation textbook) and the level of textbooks (elementary and intermediate-advanced). As a result, various different tendencies were found about the appearance percentage of the 'unfinished utterances'. Some Japanese language instructions were pointed out based on such results etc.