考察分析多義語的各種理論──以分析動詞「つける」的多義性為中心

An Analysis of Expansion Process of Polysemic Meanings Indicated by a Japanese Verb「tsukeru」and Theories Supporting Its Expansion Process

本論文分為兩個部分。第一部分是關於分析多義語所表現的多種語義概念時，所面臨到理論性上的諸問題，並對此加以闡明。也就是藉由考察後，明確指出多義語在衍生出多種語義的過程中，是和什麼樣的理論性組織結構有關，且是以什麼樣的網絡模式，來統括衍生出的多種語義概念。第二部分則是以動詞「つける」為例子，認定「つける」的原型後，確定藉由此原型而形成的基本義。並且闡明從基本義衍生出多種語義的意義延伸過程，再加以考察、分析從基本義衍生出的多種語義間意思上的相互關係，並用圖表示多種語義的網絡模式。

This paper contains mainly two parts: The first part points out the problems we face when we analyze how a polysemic word transfers its fundamental meaning to diversified polysemic meanings. Upon making a comparative study among three major theories, (1) schematic theory advocated by Langacher, (2) prototype theory advocated by Geroge Lakoff and others, and (3) phenomenal element theory advocated by Kunihiro, the paper determines what types of cognitive linguistic theories would support for polysemic words in transferring fundamental meaning to the diversified meanings. The second part of the paper analyzes how a Japanese verb called “tsukeru”transfers to diversified meanings from its fundamental meaning. The paper examines the actual application of types of metaphorical relationship supporting each case of changes in meanings. These metaphorical relationships include synecdochic transfer, metaphoric transfer, metonymic transfer, partial transfer, etc. The paper examines what type of theory and metaphorical relationship are applied for creating a new meaning. In conclusion, this analysis formulates the schematic net-work model chart showing the process of transfers from the fundamental meaning to the diversified polysemic meanings as well as the complicated inter-relationship existing among the fundamental meaning of “tsukeru”and all other newly created polysemic meanings.