尋求再保證：憂鬱的人際互動模式與中文版尋求再保證量表之編製研究

Reassurance-Seeking: Interpersonal Model of Depression and Psychometric Validation of the Chinese Reassurance Seeking Scale in Taiwan

Coyne（1976b）的憂鬱人際模式描繪著一個透過與周遭他人的互動而影響憂鬱的循環系統。該系統假設憂鬱個體的症狀會引發他人的負向情緒與拒絕，而他人如此的反應則會返身維持／增強個體的憂鬱。Joiner、Alfano及Metalsky自1992年透過一系列的研究，提出「尋求再保證」乃此憂鬱人際循環模式的核心，並將尋求再保證的變項角色由原先「調節」憂鬱的維持因子，轉為「促發」憂鬱的脆弱因子。整理過往文獻，發現「尋求再保證」的測量工具在概念區分性及題目數量上都未盡理想，故本論文包括兩個子研究，研究一建立具有信效度的中文版尋求再保證量表；研究二以前瞻式的研究取向，檢驗尋求再保證對憂鬱的促發作用，也作為本工具的效度檢驗策略。結果發現，中文版尋求再保證量表具有良好的內部一致性、再測信度、效標關連效度與因素效度；尋求再保證確為憂鬱的脆弱因子，當搭配壓力，可透過他人負向反應的中介來促發憂鬱症狀。

Coyne (1976b) proposed an interpersonal theory of depression to portrait the nature of the interaction between the depressed individual and her/his significant others. Such interaction will eventually produce an interpersonal space where depressed symptoms will elicit negative emotions and rejection from others. More importantly, it is assumed that these perceived rejections from others would in turn lead to the maintenance and/or deterioration of depressive symptoms in depressive individual. Joiner, Alfano, and Metalsky (1992) further postulated that reassurance-seeking serves as a core element in the interpersonal theory of depression. To demonstrate their theory, Joiner and his colleague have completed a series of research since 1992 on this topic and mainly found that reassurance-seeking not only serves to “moderate” the effects of depression, but also plays as a “vulnerability” role of depression. However, after a more thorough review of related literature, it is found that the item number and conception of the measure tool still need more clarifications and refinement. Therefore, two studies were conducted to examine: (1) the psychometric properties of the Chinese Reassurance-Seeking Scale (CRSS) including its factor structure, reliability and validity; (2) the contributory effects of reassurance-seeking on depression. Study 1 reported that the CRSS yielded satisfactory psychometric properties and demonstrated that reassurance-seeking is a reasonably cohesive, replicable, and valid construct. Study 2, by using a prospective research design in a group of initially symptom-free participants, showed that reassurance-seeking could predict future depression in response to stress and the predictive path was mediated by perceived negative responses from others. The finding is supportive to the vulnerability/contribution hypothesis of reassurance-seeking.