小學兒童壓力觀初步探討

CHILDREN'S STRESS: A PILOT STUDY

有關兒童的壓力研究，大致是以成人的「疾病模式」為架構。但這種做法值得商榷，因為兒童仍處於發展過程的事實，是一個相當重要的變項，故兒童的壓力研究宜採用「發展模式」。本研究嘗試以成人壓力模式為藍圖，希望藉由兒童的資料，說明諸如壓力、因應、社會支持等成人壓力模式中的主要概念，是否仍適用於兒童，或者在加入發展因素之後，還要做那些修改？本研究結果認為成人壓力模式的架構，仍可用於兒童，但在內容方面則隨著年齡的增加，會有不同的變化。最後，本研究亦指出未來兒童壓力研究值得注意的方向。

Most of the studies on children's stress were based on the adult's 'disease model', but it is questionable. Since children are still in the developing processes, should be considered as a very important variable. So, the best approach to study children's stress is 'development model'. This study was also based on adult's stress model, but hope to use children's data to check whether concepts like 'stress', 'coping', 'social support' etc., which are the basic concepts of adult's stress model, were still fitted in children? Or after the consideration of developmental factor, should the adult's stress model be modified? The results suggested that the basic concepts of adult's stress model were still usefl in children, but the contents of these concepts were changed through different ages. Finally, the future direction of the reseach of children's stress were discussed.