論略王集叢文學史觀中的「民國性」

On the ＂characteristics of Republican Period of China＂ in Wang Jijun's viewpoint on literary history of Republican Period of China

三民主義文學理論家王集叢來台先後提出戰鬥文藝、民生社會文藝政策、新文藝的寫實主義、人道文學、民主自由主義等文藝理論，以其民國文學史觀著書立說，抗衡赤化的政治環境，積極掃除萎靡的、情色的文學，具體運用文藝理論與文學批評回應社會問題。王集叢提出「以民生為中心的文藝論」、「以民生為中心的文藝批評」、「民生史觀的中國文學史」與「民生史觀的世界文學史」，倡籲必須以文藝著作呼應時代需求，藉此推動大學文學教育與社會文藝發展，使三民主義學術化，其民國文學史觀始終與黨國意識緊密結合。本文自王集叢著述的重層性存在經驗詮釋其文學史觀，歸結其寫實、民主與平民的、中國的「民國性」表現。正如現代性對於現代文學的積極意義，「民國性」將可資明確定位民國文學在特殊的文化語境意義下形構的座標，進而掌握民國文學體現在藝術氣質和審美精神中的「民國性」。

Three People's Principles Literary theorist, Wang Jijun, proposed Combat Literature, People's Livelihood Social Literary Policy, New Literary Realism, Humanities Literature and Democratic Liberalism after he came to Taiwan. He wrote books about History of Literature in the Republic of China, while confronting the contemporary political environment, eliminating wilted Erotic Literature and responding social problems by his literary theory and literary criticism specifically. Wang Jijun proposed his literary theory focusing on people's livelihood, history of Chinese literature by History of People's Livelihood and History of World Literature of People's Livelihood. He suggested we cater for the demand of the times in literary texts, promote university literature education and social literature and art development, and thus make Three People's Principles be academically accepted. His History of Literature in the Republic of China is tightly combined with the party-state consciousness. This article is to interpret Wang Jijun's literary theory, and conclude his realistic, democratic, civic and republicanized China literary performance from his multiple existensial experience. As modernity plays an important and positive role on the contemporary literature, republican can reposition the literature of Republican Period of China in a special cultural context. Furthermore, it can also help us capture the characteristics of Republican Period of China's artistic temperament and aesthetic spirit.