神經回饋在提升運動表現之研究

Research on Enhancement of Sports Performance by Neuro-Feedback

神經回饋從過去被作為醫療用途，用來治療癲癇、注意力缺陷過動症（ADHD），直到近年來才開始在運動領域所應用。神經回饋訓練是透過教導使用者學習控制大腦活動，來達到症狀或功能的改變。到目前為止有關應用神經回饋訓練來提升運動員成績表現的研究數量不多，大部分的研究結果皆指向正面效果，但是研究的證據力相對較薄弱，且還有很多方法學上的疑慮需要被釐清。因此本文擬回顧神經回饋對運動表現促進的相關研究，並在研究方法中特別針對訓練的位置、頻率段、次數，受試者的分派和實驗設計進行探討，進而提出未來研究的建議以供參考。 Neurofeedback training (NFT) has been used to treat clinical conditions such as epilepsy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. It was not until the early 90s that NFT was applied in the sport domain. NFT can help users control their brain activity, and result in function or symptom changes. Although the number of studies that have applied NFT to enhance motor performance are limited, most of these studies have shown a positive effect. However, some of these studies suffer from weak research design and methodology, which compromises the quality of evidence for the effectiveness of NFT on motor performance. Therefore, this paper intends to review related research with a particular focus on the methodological issues of electrode, frequency band, times, subject assignment, and study design to provide suggestions for future research.