新住民母親的教養態度、親子關係、親職壓力對親職效能之探討──以桃園市公立幼兒園為例

A Study on the Relationships among the New-Immigrants' Parenting Attitude, Parent-child Relationship and Parenting Stress to Parenting Efficiency --A Case of Public Preschools in Taoyuan

本研究旨在探討新住民母親之教養態度、親子關係、親職壓力與親職效能之關係，分析新住民母親在不同人口背景變項，對教養態度、親子關係、親職壓力與親職效能之差異情形，並探討四者之間的關聯性。以孩子就讀公立幼兒園的新住民母親為抽樣對象，採取立意抽樣進行問卷調查，共計發放400份問卷，回收有效問卷395份，有效問卷率為98％，並使用SPSS22中文版進行統計分析，以描述性統計分析、單因子變異數分析、獨立樣本t檢定、皮爾森積差分析、迴歸分析等方式，進行資料彙整與統計分析。研究結果發現：不同人口統計變項在教養態度、親子關係、親職壓力與親職效能有部分顯著差異；新住民母親之教養態度與親子關係有顯著正相關；教養態度及親子關係與親職效能有顯著正相關；教養態度、親子關係對親職壓力有部分顯著負相關；親職壓力與親職效能有部分顯著負相關；親子關係對親職效能有部分預測效果；親職壓力在親子關係與親職效能之間具中介效果。本研究補足新住民母親在教養態度、親子關係對親職效能的預測力之文獻缺口，並依據研究結果提供新住民母親、教育或地方政府相關單位，做為幫助新住民家庭之參考。 The aim of this study was to discuss the relationships among the new-Immigrants' parenting attitude, parent-child relationship and parenting stress to parenting efficiency while analyzing the differences between different demographic variables in parenting attitude, parent-child relationship, parenting stress and parenting efficiency of new-Immigrants. Furthermore, induct the relationships among all of them mentioned above. The objects were new-immigrants whose children studying in public preschools. Using purposive sampling conducted the questionnaire survey. Total 400 questionnaires were distributed and 395 samples were retrieved, with an effective response rate of 98 percent. The statistic software SPSS 22 Chinese Version was applied for data analysis. The statistical methods included descriptive statistic, one-way ANOVA, independent-samples t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The major findings of this study were summarized as follows. The different demographic variables have partial significant differences in parenting attitude, parent-child relationship, parenting stress and parenting efficiency. Parenting attitude has significant positive correlation on parent-child relationship. Parenting attitude and parent-child relationship has significant positive correlation on parenting efficiency. Parenting attitude and parent-child relationship has partial significant negative correlation on parenting stress. Parenting stress has partial significant negative correlation on parenting efficiency. Parent-child relationship can partial effectively predict parenting efficiency. Parenting stress has mediation on the relationships between parent-child relationship and parenting efficiency. The study makes up the gaps of previous studies in using parenting attitude, parent-child relationship, parenting stress to predict parenting efficiency. Hoping the results of this study will provide new-immigrants, educational and relevant governments departments for helping new-Immigrant family.