媒介化反婚姻平權聖戰：網路民族誌初探

Mediatization of the Counter-Movement of Marriage Equality Movement: A Digital Ethnography Study

隨著宗教右派、基本教義派的崛起，民主憲政體制的世俗國家與宗教組織之間的衝突或關係日益緊張。二十一世紀，全球掀起婚姻平權運動，全球化的基督教右派勢力更自政治場域、民間組織、人民動員等各方面全力反撲。戰後臺灣推動婦女權益和性別平等的民間團體、運動人士自2011年開始遇到以基督宗教為基礎的反制運動，其中最為激烈拉扯的政策便是性別平等教育和同性婚姻。伴隨媒體科技的發展，網路空間成為2012年至2016年同性婚姻政策論戰的場域，本研究使用媒介化理論初步探究在這波反制運動的媒介化歷程，藉由命名網路論戰中不同的文本來描繪出媒介化反制運動形構的反同婚文本現實。本研究指出：一、媒介化反制運動的文本結構可區分為主要文本、再製文本、宣傳文本、新聞文本、論述文本，各文本運作的場域皆不相同，是反同婚社群動員的重要依據。二、「新聞文本」將同性婚姻建構為一項道德商品，轉譯教會的性道德論述成為世俗大眾熟悉的道德語言。三、不同性質的社交媒體媒介出類型各異的反同婚社群，交雜各式文本來建立反同婚知識社群。 With the rise of the Religious Right and Fundamentalism, conflicts or relationships between democratic countries and religious organizations have become tense. In the 21st century, the marriage equality movement was launched throughout the world. The Globalized Christian Right struck back through political participation, forming non-governmental organizations and mobilization of people. Activists who promote women's rights and gender equity in Taiwan have encountered the counter-movement based on Christianity since 2011. Among others, the policies with the most severe debate were gender equity education and same-sex marriage. With the development of media technology, the online space became the platform of policy debate of same-sex marriage from 2012 to 2016. This study explores the mediatization of the counter-movement and through different texts in online debates. It shows the text reality of the movement against same-sex marriage. According to this study: (1) textual structures of the mediatized counter-movement can be classified into major text, reproduction text, promotion text, news text and argument text. The fields of the said texts are different and they are important criteria to mobilize against same-sex marriage. (2) ―News text‖ transforms same-sex marriage as a moral product and it translates Christian sexual morality into Confucian ethic for the public. (3) Different types of social media result in different counter communities of same-sex marriage and with various types of text, they construct knowledge communities of counter same-sex marriage.