十二年國教環境教育議題融入的課程發展──以永續發展主題為例

Curriculum Development for the Issue of Environmental Education in the 12-year Basic Education: Using the Theme of Sustainable Development as an Example

本文介紹環境教育議題融入的課程發展，並以永續發展為案例；除了彙整環境教育的課程設計和永續發展相關的文獻研究成果和國際重大會議的決議內容外，本文提出環境教育議題融入課程發展的基本原則和實際的作法，搭配以永續發展為主題。環境教育議題融入課程發展的基本原則有：一、「為何要教？」就是針對課程主題的問題意識的描述；二、「教甚麼？」是彙整和萃取適當的學習內容，組成一個具有系統性及效率性的學習素材；三、「如何教？」是應用適當的教學策略，正確地而且有效地傳達學習內容的涵義並促成學習目標；及四、「如何評估學習成效？」至於實際做法則包括理解環境教育的理念與課程目標的內涵、分析核心素養中的永續發展理念與內涵、結合學習領域的學習內涵與學習表現，以及應用覺知、知識、價值觀、技能及行動的教學策略。 This paper introduces the curriculum development regarding the integration of environmental education issue and takes the conception of sustainable development as an example. In addition to the literature review of curriculum development and sustainable development, a fundamental principle of curriculum development regarding the integration of environmental education issue is proposed and demonstrated. The principle includes 4 steps: “Why to teach?”, “What to teach?”, “How to teach?”, and “How to evaluate?” Procedures of curriculum development of infusing environmental education into school curricula are suggested: understanding of the rational and theories of environmental education, analyzing the core competences of the 12-year Basic Education, connecting to the learning contents and performances of learning areas, and ap-plying teaching strategies of environmental education.