如何成為女孩？校園文化裡的現代青少女性別學習與轉變初探

如何成為女孩？身為女性的青少女置身於校園文化當中，她們會在其文化結構運作影響下經驗性別實作，包括透過同儕互動與流行文本管道進行性別化，而性別化的過程同時也將產生順從或抵抗的性別意義。然而，隨著時代演變，青少女們學習性別的行動樣貌有何轉變？跟過往有何異同之處，又體現哪些性別意義？本文透過民族誌進入位於台灣南部的兩所國中，探查現代青少女進行性別實作樣貌，同時回顧楊幸真以民族誌所探究台灣本土青少女的研究資料，理解過往青少女學習性別的樣態。在過往與現今的田野資料對話中，梳理青少女於校園文化裡以身實作的性別經驗，看見近十年光陰的流變裡，青少女面對性別化過程所產生的性別意義轉變及異同，以及她們正不斷試圖重構或解構校園文化對於青少女單一性別想像的行動可能。 How to be a girl? In school culture, teenage girls are influenced by cultural structure as they carry out their gender practice, including genderization through interaction with peers and through texts and channels of popular culture. Along the course of genderization, they will also learn to be submissive to or rebellious against it in their gender practice. However, as time changes, how has teenage girls' gender learning evolve and differed from the past? What gender implications has it manifested? This study adopts an ethnographical perspective and investigates the gender practice of modern teenage girls in two junior high schools in southern Taiwan. Meanwhile, the study also revisits the ethnographical studies on Taiwanese teenage girls by Hsing-Chen Yang to comprehend the gender learning of teenage girls in the past. Creating a dialogue between historic and contemporary materials gathered from field work, this study examines teenage girls' personal gender practice and experiences within the context of school culture. By doing so, the study unveils the changes of gender meanings generated by teenage girls' genderization in the past decade while addressing their continuous efforts to reconstruct or deconstruct the single gender imagination of teenage girls in school culture.