溫室環控工程決策支援軟體之建立II.蒸發冷卻降溫系統設計與模擬

Development of Design and Simulation Software for Greenhouse Evaporative Cooling System

本研究使用MATLAB程式設計語言在微軟公司的視窗環境下建立蒸發冷卻降溫系統的設計與模擬分析軟體，設計模組包含四種常用水簾片，九種常用風扇，三種常見溫室屋頂與三種決定通風風量率的設計策略。軟體的輸出則包括風機曲線與系統壓降曲線，選定的風扇曲線與系統壓降曲線的交點即為溫室通風時的工作狀態點。其他輸出包括所需水簾面積，水簾系統所需泵／蓄水槽大小與補充水流量率，溫室3D立體視圖等。溫室立體圖中尚包括允許使用者對圖面進行縮小、放大與旋轉功能。程式設計同時包括防呆設計，當使用者輸入過多或過低數量的風扇時或所需水簾長度超過允許安裝的溫室長度時，均提供警示訊息視窗。設計完成的水簾風扇系統可轉移至此軟體的模擬模組，針對使用者選擇的台灣某地氣候中最熱的一天的歷史資料，進行24小時的模擬，溫室區分為四區，在模擬過程中，整日的室外乾、濕球與露點溫度，相對濕度與室內分區乾球溫度、相對溼度與絕對溼度，設施資材表面溫度，地底溫度等均可求出24小時內的變化分布。模擬模組的提供可驗證設計模組的成果是否適用於使用者選擇的地點。兩模組併用可作為相關領域教學、研究與實務設計之工具。 Microsoft Windows based software written in MATLAB was developed for the design and simulation of the pad and fan systems. The design module of this software incorporates information for 4 models of commonly used evaporative cooling pad, fan curves for 9 models of fans and 3 styles of greenhouse roof. There is a choice among 3 ventilation system design algorithms. The software output includes working condition of pad and fan system, flow rate requirement of pump, capacity of sump and amount of makeup water required. The software also provides the capability of visualizing the design layout in 3D with the capabilities of zoom in/out and 3D rotation of the designed layout. The simulation module of this software provides users with a tool to evaluate the performance of the designed pad and fan system under the actual warmest local weather condition. Integration of both modules can be served as a teaching/research and design tool for researchers and professional engineers in the field of controlled environment agriculture.