火鶴花屬盆花品種之核型研究

Karyotype Analysis of Potted Anthurium Cultivars

本試驗針對9種火鶴盆花品種進行根尖染色體數目及核型研究。結果顯示，Anthurium‘Arcs’、A.‘Pink Aristocrat’、A.‘Romeo’的染色體數為2n＝28，其他品種A.‘Bubble Gum’、A.‘Cotton Candy’、A.‘Lady Jane’、A.‘Lollipop’、A.‘Patti Anne’、A.‘White Aristocrat’的染色體數均為2n＝30。核型分析結果A.‘Arcs’為2n＝28＝13m+15sm、A.‘Bubble Gum’為2n＝30＝4m+24sm+2st、A.‘Cotton Candy’為2n＝30＝4m+22sm+4st、A.‘Lady Jane’為2n＝30＝8m+21sm+1st、A.‘Lollipop’為2n＝30＝5m+21sm+4st、A.‘Patti Anne’為2n＝30＝5m+22sm+3st、A.‘Pink Aristocrat’為2n＝28＝14m+12sm+2st、A.‘Romeo’為2n＝28＝9m+16sm+3st、A.‘White Aristocrat’為2n＝30＝9m+18sm+3st。核型類型依Stebbins的分類法，A.‘Arcs’、A.‘Pink Aristocrat’、A.‘Romeo’為2B，其他品種A.‘Bubble Gum’、A.‘Cotton Candy’、A.‘Lady Jane’、A.‘Lollipop’、A.‘Patti Anne’、A.‘White Aristocrat’為3B。最長與最短染色體的比值介於2.19～3.50，T.C%分佈在62%～68%之間。而且每一個品種皆具有一對衛星染色體，但A.‘White Aristocrat的隨體較特別，位於第五對染色體的長臂上。另外於A.‘Arcs’、A.‘Bubble Gum’、A.‘Cotton Candy’三個品種均多出一條B染色體。 The chromosome number and karyotype of nine potted Anthurium cultivars were reported. The result indicated that the chromosome number is 2n=28 for A. ‘Arcs’, A. ‘Pink Aristocrat’ and A. ‘Romeo’. Other six cultivars are 2n=30. The karyotype is depicted as follows: 2n＝28＝13m+15sm for A. ‘Arcs’; 2n＝30＝ 4m+24sm+2st for A. ‘Bubble Gum’; 2n＝30＝4m+22sm+4st for A. ‘Cotton Candy’; 2n＝30＝8m+21sm+1st for A. ‘Lady Jane’; 2n＝30＝5m+21sm+4st for A. ‘Lollipop’; 2n＝30＝5m+22sm+3st for A. ‘Patti Anne’; 2n ＝28＝14m+12sm+2st for A. ‘Pink Aristocrat’; 2n＝28＝9m+16sm+3st for A. ‘Romeo’; 2n＝30＝ 9m+18sm+3st for A. ‘White Aristocrat’. The Stebbin’s, karyotype is 2B for A. ‘Arcs’, A. ‘Pink Aristocrat’ and A. ‘Romeo’. Other six cultivars are 3B. The ratio for longest and shortest chromosome is 2.19 ~ 3.50. The T.C% is between 62~68%. All cultivars possess one pair of satellite chromosomes and all located on short arms. Unexpectedly, the satellite of A. ‘White Aristocrat ’ is on the long arm of the 5th chromosome pair. Extra B chromosome is also present in A. ‘Arcs’, A. ‘Bubble Gum’ and A. ‘Cotton Candy’.