癒合環境對‘台南亞蔬六號’番茄嫁接苗生長之影響

Effect of Acclimatization Environment Condition on Grafted Seedlings Growth of ‘Asian No. 6’ Tomato

番茄‘台南亞蔬六號’嫁接於茄子‘亞蔬EG203’上，以石蠟切片觀察嫁接部位癒合過程，並利用「蔬菜嫁接苗癒合養生裝置」，探討癒合期環境條件對番茄嫁接苗生育之影響。試驗結果顯示，嫁接後14日，砧、穗接合面形成新生維管束細胞，嫁接後19天，新生維管束連接砧、穗。番茄於癒合室中置放4日後移出者，植株形態較佳，且具最大壯苗指數0.0086，為較適當之置放天數。癒合期間，相對濕度75%可使嫁接後14天之嫁接苗壯苗指數最高，為0.0118，提高癒合濕度，反使壯苗指數下降，RH 95%處理組之壯苗指數最低，為0.0068。癒合室光度對嫁接苗的壯苗指數影響不顯著，平均光度維持在25.12µmol／m2 s的條件下，可得品質較佳之嫁接苗。嫁接苗之莖粗、植株鮮重及乾重皆隨處理溫度下降而增加，但株高則降低，因此，26℃處理組嫁接後14天壯苗指數為0.0106最高，而32℃處理組最低為0.0066。各處理對定植後之嫁接苗生長、開花及結果情形影響不顯著。 The study was to investigate the graft union formation and effect of environmental control in acclimatization chamber on the nursing quality and growth of the ‘Asian No 6’ tomato that were grafted on the ‘Asian EG 203’ eggplant. After 14 days of grafting, new vascular tissue formed. Vascular tissue of scion and stock connected at the graft interface at 19 days of grafting. The seedlings which were stayed 4 days in acclimatization chamber had better morphology and the best strong index, 0.0086. The relative humidity in acclimatization chamber maintained at 75 % could get the highest strong index of seedlings, 0.0118, after grafted 14 days. Increasing the relative humidity in chamber made the strong index decreased. The different average light intensity in acclimatization chamber didn't found statistically significant in the strong index. The height of shoot increased, as light intensity decreased. When chamber's light intensity maintained about 25.12 µmol/m2 s, the quality of grafted seedlings was best compared to other light intensity. As temperature increased, the diameter, fresh and dry weight of plants decreased, and the height of shoot was as shorter as temperature decreased. According to these results, the strong index at 26 ℃, 0.0106 was highest and at 32 ℃ was the lowest, 0.0066. All treatments did not have significantly difference on the growth of plants, flower and yield after growth in pot 118 days. It indicated that the condition of acclimatization environment affected the quality of 14 days grafted seedlings more significantly, including the height and diameter of shoot, the leaves number and strong index.