鵝鸞鼻燈籠草和長壽花之花粉發芽及其種間雜交之研究

The Pollen Germination and Interspecific Hybridization between Kalanchoe garambiensis and K. blossfeldiana Poelln

適於鵝鑾鼻燈籠草（Kalanchoe garambiensis Kudo）花粉發芽的培養基蔗糖濃度為5%-10%，發芽率為68%-72%，適合‘Isabella’長壽花的花粉發芽蔗糖濃度為10%，發芽率為48%。鵝鑾鼻燈籠草和其紫葉變種以及‘Isabella’長壽花的花粉在25℃的適溫之下發芽率最高，但在低溫15℃環境下則花粉發芽率僅介於1.5%-5%之間。以‘Isabella’長壽花為父本，將其花粉授於鵝鸞鼻燈籠草之柱頭上，授粉2天之後，已有一些花粉管即將進入胚珠中。以同組合反交時，花粉於柱頭上的萌芽率不佳，且在授粉之後兩天可發現在花柱當中的花粉管有畸形的情況發生。使用鵝鸞鼻燈籠草或其變種作為雜交的母本時能得到最多種子，平均每蒴果內分別為143或133粒成熟種子。然而反交時平均每蒴果內僅有分別有31及36粒種子。 The optimum sucrose concentration in medium for K. garambiensis pollen germination was 5%-10%, with the pollen germination rate was between 68%-72%. The medium containing 10% sucrose was suitable for the germination of K. blossfeldiana ‘Isabella’ with the pollen germination rate at 48%. The optimum temperature for pollen germination of K. blossfeldiana ‘Isabella’, K. garambiensis Kudo. as well as K. garambiensis ‘Purple’ was 25℃. However, at 15℃, the pollen germination rate was only 1.5%-5%. When pollens of K. blossfeldiana ‘Isabella’ were pollinated to the stigma of K. garambiensis, pollen tubes penetrated the stigma into the ovules within two days. In reciprocal pollination, pollen germinated poorly on the stigma, furthermore, abnormal pollen tubes arrested in the styles. Therefore, when K. garambiensis or K. garambiensis ‘Purple’ were pollinated by the pollens of K. blossfeldiana ‘Isableea’, more secds per capsnle (143 to 133) were produced. On the contrary, when K. blossfeldiana ‘Isabella’was a seed parent and crossed with K. garambiensis or K. garambiensis ‘Purple’, each capsule only produced 31 or 36 seeds.