茶樹芽葉性狀與條型包種茶茶葉品質之關係

Study of the Relationships Between Succulent Shoot Characteristics and Paochung Tea Quality of Tea (Camellia sinensis var. sinensis (L) O. Kuntz.)

利用單相關分析1985及1986年雜交後裔族群，於1994與1995年間芽葉性狀與茶葉品質間之相關，以供茶樹選育之依據。葉片性狀及收量與茶葉品質中的形狀及色澤易呈顯著負相關，而嫩枝性狀，包含節間長與節間徑，則易呈正相關。茶湯水色易與收量、百芽重、節間徑及多數葉片性狀呈現負相關。茶葉之香味易與收量、百芽重、節間徑、葉寬、及葉面積成顯著負相關，與葉長及葉厚則較傾向正相關，但季節間變異很大。茶葉總品質與收量、百芽重、節間徑、葉寬及葉面積易呈顯著負相關，與葉厚則傾向於正相關。以季節性論，春秋茶的品質與收量及芽葉性狀之相關性較佳。大致上，茶樹葉形大且寬、芽粗大、收量過高者，品質有偏低之傾向；而葉片厚度在秋茶易與形狀、香氣及總品質呈正相關其餘季節易呈負相關，但與水色及色澤易呈負相關。 The correlation between tea quality and plant characteristics, including yield, weight-of-100 buds and succulent shoot tip characteristics of 72 tea phenotype were studied. Yield and leaf characteristics always exhibited significant negative correlation to appearance and color of paochung tea; while stem characteristics, include internode length and diameter, exhibited significant positive correlation to appearance and color of poaching tea in some of the seasons. Tea liquor had the tendency to negatively correlate to yield, hundred-buds-weight, stem diameter and most of the leaf characteristics. Tea-taste-and-flavor had the tendency to negatively correlate to yield, hundred-buds-weight, stem diameter, leaf width and leaf area, while positively correlated to leaf thickness. The correlation between tea quality to yield and shoot tip characteristics were better in spring tea and autumn tea. According to the results of this study, plants with large and wide leaf, and high yield had the tendency of low quality, while plants with thick and long leaf, and large diameter stem might have better quality.