不同日／夜溫處理對蝴蝶蘭抑梗及開花之影響

Effect of Different Day/Night Temperatures on Flower-Stalk Emergence Inhibition and Flowering of Phalaenopsis hybrids

本研究利用不同日／夜溫處理，期能在台灣冬、春低溫之際，建立低能源及設備而能降低蝴蝶蘭抽梗，以減少養分消耗並繼續行營養生長之栽培管理模式，並推廣給花農做為生產時之參考。試驗於催花溫室中設置小型加溫箱，利用不同日／夜溫（30／30、30／28、30／26、30／24及25／20℃）及時間（8／16及12／12小時）處理四個蝴蝶蘭品種，分別為Dtps. I-Hsin New Girl 'F88-26'、Dtps. I-Hsin Dreamer 'A88111'、Phal Sogo Yukidian 'N92005'及Phal Brother Passat 'DL9201'品種，調查其對植株抽梗之影響，結果以8／16小時25／20℃之處理者（對照組Ⅰ），抽梗率皆可達100%，而8／16及12／12小時，日溫30℃、夜溫30、28、26及24℃加溫處理組經6週，四個蝴蝶蘭品種之抽梗率皆為0%。不同日／夜溫及時間抑梗處理之植株，後續催花處理之開花率，四個品種之對照組Ⅰ，皆可達100%，除Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'N92005'外，其他高溫處理組仍可達80%以上。Dtps. I-Hsin New Girl 'F88-26'品種以8／16小時不同日／夜溫度處理組抑梗者，在抑梗後催花之後續表現上仍可得較佳之花序品質。因此，依據本試驗結果於冬、春之季採用日／夜溫8／16小時、日溫提高至30℃之加溫處理行蝴蝶蘭之抑梗作業，當可達到一定的成效，然為了能降低冬季加溫所耗費的成本，推測認為可降低夜間溫度，以期能更節省能源並達到有效之抑梗作用。 This study made use of different day/night temperature treatments on various Phalaenopsis hybrids to lower the rate of flower-stalk emergence and reduce nutrient consumption. Then, to proceed the cultivation model of vegetative growth without consuming much energy in spring and winter in Taiwan and popularize it to the growers as a reference. The experiment was to investigate the influences of different day/night temperature (30/30, 30/28, 30/26 and 25/20℃) and hours (8/16 and 12/12 hrs.) treatment on flower-stalk emergence of four Phalaenopsis hybrids: large pink/lavender (Dtps. I-Hsin New Girl 'F88-26'), large white red lip (Dtps. I-Hsin Dreamer 'A88111'), large white (Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'N92005') and middle yellow (Phal. Brother Passat 'DL9201') in the small greenhouse. The result showed that the control Ⅰplants (25/20℃, 8/16 hrs.) could reach 100% flower-stalk emergence rate 29.7~39.0 days after the treatment. However, plants under hours (8/16 and 12/12 hrs.) and heatening treatment (30/30, 30/28, 30/26, 30/24℃) for six weeks didn't spike. (reach 0% flower-stalk emergence rate) More than that, under different day/night temperature and hours treatment, plants could reach over 80% flowering rate after forcing, and the control Ⅰ plants under the treatment. could reach 100%. Among four hybrids, Dtps. I-Hsin New Girl 'F88-26' had better inforescence under 8/16 hrs. different day/night temperature inhibition treatment. Therefore, based on the experiment result, heatening to 30℃(or 28℃) could surely inhibit flower-stalk emergence of Phalaenopsis hybrids, but in order to save the cost, suppose that lower the night temperature (even under 20℃) could save energy and attain inhibition effectively.