園藝治療活動對護理之家失能長者治療效果之研究

The Therapeutic Effects of Horticultural Programs on Disable Elderly in Nursing Home

本研究於九十四年六月到七月兩個月，以護理之家老人為例，針對老年人特性擬定適合的園藝治療活動。研究結果發現在八週內，整體檢定以扦插、扦插植物上盆以及組合盆栽在興趣嗜好中得分較高。個別檢測則顯示不同的活動在生理／知覺能力、認知能力、興趣嗜好中的部分指標有顯著差異，分株與修剪、播種植物上盆與扦插植物上盆等園藝活動較能達到生理與知覺上的治療效果；而認知能力部分則以扦插植物上盆、壓花與組合盆栽在認知能力中較能達到治療效果；在興趣嗜好部分則隨著上課次數的增加，而對於園藝嗜好的培養也漸增。比較前、後測，所有的後側分數幾乎高於前測，且在生理／知覺、認知能力與情感狀態較為顯著，並且以上盆、壓花以及組合盆栽的園藝活動效果較為顯著。質化評估部分則顯示，老年住民透過園藝治療活動可以帶來自動自發參與、加強對自我的認同、對生命的期待與驚喜以及與同伴互動增加。本研究結果將可提供安養、醫療單位或者社區發展在課程與活動空間與項目規劃的參考。 This study tried to make the horticultural therapy programs for those elders' characteristics and used these programs to be the treatment for those residents in nursing home from June to July, 2005. The results showed, the scores of cuttage, cuttage plant to be transplanted and the flower arranging in the hobbies category examination are higher than all the other occupation functions by overall examination. Furthermore, the different horticultural program activities can make significantly diverse responses of residents in the physical/ perception, cognitive, and hobbies categories by the individual examinations; plants separated and tip cuttings, seeding plant to be transplanted and cuttage plant to be transplanted can easily achieve the physical and perception therapy. In terms of cognitive ability, cuttage plant to be transplanted, flower pressing and flower arranging can improve the cognitive therapy. Those residents' hobbies score were raised by the frequencies of attending horticultural program as the horticultural interests cultivated. To compare the pretest and posttest, almost all the score of posttest were significantly higher than pretest, especially in physical/perception, cognitive activities and emotional states, which could be enforced by the class training and the significant results could be see in transplanting, flower pressing and flower arranging. From the qualitative evaluation, these elderly through horticultural therapy activities could participate activities spontaneously, enhanced their self-cogitation, expect more for the reference of program, space and activities planning to healthcare, medical institution and community.