以楓港柿、月橘與春不老之遮陰生長反應探討綠籬評選模式指標性狀

Probing into the Hedge Apprasing and Choosing Model Index through the Growth Characteristic of Diospyros vaccinioides Lindl., Murraya paniculata (Linn) Jack and Ardisia squamulosa Presl.

為探討候選綠籬植物對光適應性及建立評選之簡易模式指標性狀，本試驗以原生的楓港柿（Diospyros vaccinioides Lindl.）作為候選植物的範例，與常用的耐陰性綠籬月橘（Murraya paniculata（Linn）Jack）及春不老（Ardisia squamulosa Presl.）作為對照植物進行比較，以遮陰合併之樹種區集設計，來探討三樹種之12種性狀（即（1）前季枝節間（2）新枝節間（3）側枝數目（4）新生枝條數（5）新生枝節數（6）新生枝生長量（7）前季枝生長量（8）前季枝本季新生長節數（9）原舊枝生長量（10）本季有生長枝數（11）本季新生長總量（12）本季新長總節數），與5種遮陰程度（即遮陰0%、30%、50%、80%、90%），及樹種之關聯性，並在不同季節調查之差異。結果顯示，除新枝節間、新枝生長量、各側枝數三性狀，與遮陰處理無顯著相關；其他性狀除在冬季十二月測量者外，均與遮陰及樹種相關。尤其每株植株本季全部新長總節數、本季有生長枝數及每植株之每一前季枝平均生長量，此三性狀不但與遮陰及樹種密切相關，表現差異顯著，而且其生長反應可以大略表達該植物對光之適應度，所以可以做為有效的評選模式指標性狀。生長的評估以三季總和為最顯著，其次為九月及三月。各樹種所有之各側枝種類及各側枝數，則與樹種本身特性密切相關，可做為樹型構成之參考。本次試驗亦顯示楓港柿、月橘、春不老在遮陰30%至80%下生長，優於不遮陰及遮陰90%者。楓港柿之三季平均生長總量於新長總節數、有生長枝數及前季枝生長量分別為1576.8節／株，230.6枝／株，6.6公分／枝，月橘者為71.2節／株，29.6枝／株，13.9公分／枝，春不老為150.7節／株，26.7枝／株，13.3公分／枝。 To probe into the light adaptation and set up the appraisal simple model index characteristics of candidate hedge plants, this experiment uses Diospyros vaccinioides Lindl. as the example of candidate plant, comparing to commonly used shading durable hedge plants Murraya paniculata (Linn) Jack and Ardisia squamulosa Presl. Shading combination block design is used to probe into 12 characteristics (1. internode of former season shoot, 2. internode of new shoot, 3. growth performance of the branch, 4. count of new shoot, 5. node count of new shoot, 6. growth of new shoot, 7. growth of former season shoot , 8. growth of old shoot, 9. new node count of former season shoot, 10. count of shoot with growth, 11. total new growth, 12. total count of new node), 5 shading degree (0%, 30%, 50%, 80%, 90%) and species relationship of these three species of trees. The results show that, internode of new shoot, grow of new shoot, side branch counts are not obviously related with shading process. Other characteristics are related with shading and species, besides that measured in December. Especially total count of new node, count of shoot with growth and growth of farmer season shoot are all closely related with shading and species and have obvious difference. Their growth may roughly express their adaptation to light, so may be used as effective appraisal index characteristics. Three season summary is the most obvious for growth appraisal, the next is September and March. Kinds and counts of each branch of each species are closely related to their tree species so may used as reference of tree shape forming. This experiment also show that growing under shading of 30-80%, Diospyros vaccinioides Lindl., Murraya paniculata (Linn) Jack and Ardisia squamulosa Presl are superior to non-shading and 90% shading. Three season summary mean growth value in total count of new node, count of shoot with growth and growth of farmer season shoot are Diospyros vaccinioides Lindl.: 1576.8/plant, 230.6/plant, 6.6cm/shoot; Murraya paniculata (Linn) Jack: 71.2/plant, 29.6/plant, 13.9cm/shoot; Ardisia squamulosa Presl: 150.7/plant, 26.7/plant, 13.3cm/shoot.