貯藏溫度與期間對菊花插穗發根與定植後開花之影響

Effects of Storage Temperature and Duration on Rooting and Flowering of Chrysanthemum Cuttings and It Growth and Flowering

本文研究菊花插穗於不同溫度下之貯藏適期與可貯藏期限，並探討貯藏對後續生長與開花之影響。秋菊‘白冬陽’與‘花御殿’插穗置於224℃黑暗貯藏028天，扦插14天取出後調查插穗發根情形。結果‘白冬陽’與‘花御殿’插穗，在低溫（2、6或8℃）處理約8天者根乾重最大。溫度由11℃上升至24℃時，可貯藏天數由21天減為12天。扦插前葉片之葉綠素計讀值與扦插後之根乾重呈曲線正相關（P<0.001），且扦插後之根乾重亦與地上部乾重呈直線正相關（P<0.001）。夏菊‘黃精進’及‘吉祥粉’插穗分置於5與15℃分別貯藏2、4、8、12、16、21天後取出扦插。‘黃精進’與‘吉祥粉’插穗經5℃貯藏4或8天處理者，根數與根部乾重明顯上升；但若以15℃進行貯藏至12天或更久者，葉綠素計讀值降至約15以下，插穗之發根與地上部生長亦急遽下降。將不同貯藏處理後之‘黃精進’插穗定植於溫室，經暗期中斷2星期後，於開花時調查。結果顯示經貯藏後的植株較矮，花下葉片數減少，到花朵顯色天數較短。 Cuttings of autumn chrysanthemums 'Bai-Dong-Yang' and 'Hua-Yu-Dieng' were stored at 2 to 24℃ for 0 to 28 days in the dark, and subsequent root dry weights were measured after planting for two weeks. Maximum root dry weights were recorded in cuttings after having stored at 2 to 8℃ for around eight days. Time for cutting storability decreased from 21 to 12 days with storage temperature increased from 11 to 24℃. Regressions of preplanting leaf SPAD readings in cuttings on subsequent root dry weights showed significant curvilinear relationships. Root dry weights in cuttings after storage were linearly correlated with their associated shoot dry weights. Effects of storage at 5 or 15℃ for 0 to 21 days were studied on the subsequent rooting in summer chrysanthemums 'Huang-Gin-Ging' and 'Chi-Hsiang-Fen' cuttings. Maximum root number and root dry weight of 'Huang-Gin-Ging' and 'Chi-Hsiang-Fen' cuttings were recorded after having stored at 5℃ for 4 to 8 days. Rooting and shoot dry weight of cuttings decreased sharply when preplanting leaf SPAD readings were below 15. Storage of cuttings resulted in earlier flowering, with fewer leaves below the inflorescence and shorter stem length in cultivar Huang-Gin-Ging.