環境干擾對中高齡女性使用都市綠園道之戶外休閒、地方依附與幸福感之關係

The Effect of Environmental Stressors on the Association between Outdoor Leisure, Place Attachment, and Well- Being in Urban Greenway among Middle- Aged and Older Women

本研究旨在建構臺中綠園道環境壓力源、地方依附、戶外休閒與幸福感的關係模型。研究對象為中高齡女性，共獲得有效問卷461份，經結構方程模型與路徑分析來驗證此一模型的適配程度。研究結果顯示，環境壓力源與戶外休閒顯著負相關、戶外休閒與地方依附顯著正相關、地方依附與幸福感顯著正相關。然而，地方依附與戶外休閒對於環境壓力源與幸福感的關係路徑有中介效果，中介路徑顯示中高齡女性在面臨到較高的環境壓力源，會參與較少戶外休閒行為，進而有較低的幸福感。另一方面，中高齡女性在面臨到較高的環境壓力源，會促使她們產生更多的地方依附，進而增加幸福感。研究結果供環境管理單位與後續研究者之參考。 The purpose of this study is to construct a conceptual model of environmental stressors, place attachment, outdoor leisure activities, and well-being. A total of 461 female participants completed questionnaires in the 13 greenways in Taichung. The study validated the goodness of fit index of the model by conducting Structural Equation Modeling and path analysis. The results indicated that: (1) environmental stressors correlated significantly negatively with outdoor leisure activities; (2) outdoor leisure activities associated significantly positively with place attachment; (3) place attachment related significantly positively to well-being. However, there were indirect paths between environmental stressors and well-being in the presence of place attachment and outdoor leisure activities. That is, participants who perceived higher levels of environmental stressors reported engaging in outdoor leisure activities less frequently, and in turn reported lower levels of well-being. In addition, participants who encountered higher levels of environmental stressors might improve their place attachment, which in turn increased their levels of well-being. Taken together, the results provide evidence of the effect of urban green space on well-being for institutes of environmental management as well as further research.