如何消滅網路蟑螂？有關美國網域名稱搶註的法規與案例探討

How to Eliminate Cybersquatting? A Discussion of Cybersquatting in Trademarks Law–Focused on the U.S. Law &Cases

網路蟑螂乃將註冊一個和知名網站住址似是而非的錯誤網址，以接收網路使用者在網頁瀏覽器打錯網址時的流量，故意引領錯誤進入一個網頁，或納入其原數據，招攬在搜尋引擎輸入這些錯字的不知情訪客，搶註網域名稱後，致使原名稱所有人無法使用，而信任商品名稱從而進行購買行為的消費者，可能發現買受的物並非期待的品質，網域名稱搶註行為不僅侵害了消費者對原商標的信任，也破壞原商標的商譽，影響電子商務交易平台的順暢度，導致消費者無法信任原商標所代表的品質，更對整體經濟造成損害。本文探討美國法規與黨例如何禁止搶註網域名稱的網路蟑螂行為，也禁止故意以相同或類似名稱使用和他人一樣的網域名稱，造成一般大眾對網域名稱的混淆誤認者，此外，協助申請人隱匿真實身分的網站，是否須承擔和註冊人相同的侵害責任，網域名稱註冊若侵害他人商標權時，侵害責任如何認定，皆是美國實務上值得探討的地方。 Domain names are distributed on a first come, first served basis; therefore, once a registrant registers a specific domain name it becomes unavailable for registration by others. As the internet has grown in prominence as a medium for commerce and communications. Trademark infringement by cybersquatting presents a fundamental economic and analytical difference from standard trademark infringement. First, this paper will introduces intellectual property issues from online services and the Internet. Secondly, this paper will introduce cases involving the other related statutes that have happened in United States. It will also discuss specific threats to cloud computing posed by ubiquitous use of computer technology in the commercial industry. Finally, this paper will provide the suggestions of proposed amendments in the future.