在地社會創新網絡：以人文創新與社會實踐計畫在地實作為例

Social Innovation Networks in Practice: A Case Study of the Humanity Innovation and Social Practice Project

本文深度描繪人文創新與社會實踐計畫下的大學與社區在地實作行動者網絡，以及連結建立後的轉譯過程，嘗試提出新的社區營造理論取徑，即一種由下而上小型、在地、開放與持續組裝（Bottom-up-Local-Open-Reassembling，以下簡稱BLOR）的行動者網絡。在全球化影響下的風險社會中，BLOR行動者網絡是可以容錯與彈性調適的組織型態，因此有利於掌握在地脈絡、開放參與以及運用群眾智慧來提出創新解決方案。本文將社區視為異質的組成且具開放性，大學行動者與社區形成夥伴關係，共同開展BLOR行動者社會創新網絡，來回應在地所遭遇的挑戰與需求。它嘗試突破傳統社區營造（以下簡稱為社造）的封閉性和權力中心化等問題，透過大學行動者媒合不同議題所交織和開放參與的在地實作網絡，持續在不同社群的文化習性中進行轉譯和重新組裝，創造異質性群體能夠共存共同發展的有利條件。BLOR行動者網絡強調的不只是其特徵，更重要的是讓這些條件能夠串起來發揮作用且持續運作的機制，本文將以案例說明這些機制的形成與運作方式。 This paper focuses on analyzing the actor-network which has been built by university and local communities based on the Humanity Innovation and Social Practice (HISP) project. We intend to explore the complicated translation processes between different actors after linking them together. Accordingly, we suggest a new theoretical approach in community empowerment studies, that is, a Bottom-up-Local-OpenReassembling (BLOR) actor-network. Confronted by a risk society derived from globalization, the BLOR actor-network particularly fits such a context due to its fault-tolerant and malleable traits. These traits make it beneficial to appreciate the local context and open participation, and facilitate collective brainstorming to find innovative solutions. This paper assumes the community to be a place with heterogeneous components and openness. The university works in partnership with local communities and co-constructs a social practice actor-network to respond to social problems. The university-community partnership seeks to overcome the limitations of current community empowerment projects such as working as a closed system and power centralization. The university serves as a medium for linking different issues with different groups of community actors and translating different cultural traits among diverse actors, which generates an open and intertwined social practice network, namely, the BLOR actor-network, which is rooted in this region. The BLOR actor-network is not fixed. Instead, it reassembles itself according to the changes in its components, needs and social context, in order to enable heterogeneous components to coexist. In this paper, we emphasize not only the traits of the BLOR actor-network, but also the mechanisms that enable these components to co-function. With this objective in mind, we adopt two cases from the HIPS project to illustrate what the mechanisms are and how they function.