台北市成年酒駕初犯者的酒精使用型態、酒癮及酒駕行為之相關性

Alcohol use pattern, alcohol dependence, and their correlation with driving under the influence in adult first-time DUI offenders in Taipei City

目標：本研究旨於探討台北市酒駕初犯者之飲酒問題及其與酒駕行為之相關性。方法：針對參與台北地方檢察署舉辦「酒害衛教之團體課程」的酒駕初犯者進行匿名自填問卷調查，包括以酒精使用疾患辨識問卷來篩檢酒精使用疾患、華人飲酒問題篩檢問卷篩檢酒精依賴（酒癮）、簡式健康量表評估情緒困擾，並收集飲酒與酒駕行為參數。本研究定義高頻率酒駕為自陳每個月酒駕兩次以上，並利用邏輯迴歸分析找出高頻率酒駕的相關因子。結果：在597位酒駕初犯中，酒精使用疾患佔52.3％，酒癮佔34.4％。具酒精使用疾患和酒癮者有較高的比例具狂飲行為、飲用烈酒、情緒和睡眠困擾。酒精使用疾患、酒癮、在工作地點飲酒都是預測高頻率酒駕的相關因子。酒精使用疾患和酒癮個案出現高頻率酒駕行為的比例，分別為非酒精使用疾患和非酒癮患者的5倍及2倍。結論：酒精使用疾患和酒癮與高頻率酒駕呈現顯著相關。我們建議針對酒駕初犯進行飲酒問題的篩檢及介入，以期減少酒駕行為以及酒精相關危害。 Objectives: This study investigated alcohol use problems in first-time offenders of driving under the influence (DUI) in Taipei City and the risk factors for a high frequency of DUI. Methods: We conducted an anonymous survey for first-time DUI offenders who attended the mandatory educational program held by Taiwan Taipei District Prosecutors Office. Participants completed the following self-rated questionnaires: the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test for screening alcohol use disorder (AUD); the C-CAGE questionnaire for screening alcohol dependence (AD); and the Brief Symptom Rating Scale for screening psychological symptoms, alcohol drinking, and DUI variables. We defined a high frequency of DUI as occurrence of 2 or more DUI behaviors per month. Results: Among 597 participants, 52.3% and 34.4% had AUD and AD, respectively. Offenders with AUD or AD had higher risks of binge-drinking behavior, consuming a high alcohol concentration, and psychological and sleep problems. AUD, AD, and drinking at the workplace were potential risk factors for a high frequency of DUI. Notably, compared with offenders without AUD and AD, offenders with AUD and AD respectively had 5 and 2 times higher likelihoods of having a high frequency of DUI. Conclusions: AUD or its more severe form, AD, is relatively common in first-time DUI offenders. In particular, having AUD or AD is associated with an increased risk of a high frequency of DUI. Routine screening for alcohol use problems and ensuing intervention programs or referral to treatment are warranted for all DUI offenders to reduce the recidivism rate and alcohol-related harm.