加護病房護理人員的靈性健康狀態、靈性照顧行為及其相關因素

The Spiritual Health Status and Spiritual Care Behaviors of Nurses in Intensive Care Units and Related Factors

背景：加護病房的病人多為突發且危及生命的情況，造成病人身、心、靈極大改變。而加護病房護理人員是否能夠擁有靈性健康或提供即時的靈性照顧行為卻鮮少研究，有待深入探討。目的：探討加護病房護理人員的基本屬性、靈性健康及其靈性照顧行為的關係。方法：採描述相關性研究法，以方便取樣招募三家教學醫院加護病房219位護理人員為受試者，採結構式問卷，包括基本屬性、靈性健康量表及靈性照顧行為量表收集資料，以SPSS version 22.0統計軟體分析。結果：加護病房護理人員接受靈性教育課程的比例偏低，其靈性健康狀態以「與人締結」平均得分最高；靈性照顧行為得分「以協助病人渡過逆境」最高。年齡及年資愈高者，其協助病人渡過逆境和維持希望等靈性照顧行為愈頻繁。結論／實務應用：加護病房護理人員的年齡及年資越高者，其靈性照顧行為執行的頻率也愈高，因此建議設立有效留任有經驗或護理工作年資較高的人員，以提升全人之照護；同時，年紀較輕、年資較淺的人員提供靈性照護技能，以促進其執行靈性照顧的行為。此結果提供各界於病人靈性照顧行為之參考。 Background: Patients suffer sudden and life-threatening conditions in intensive care units (ICU), which frequently result in traumatic changes in physical, mental, and spiritual health. Little research has been conducted on the spiritual health and spiritual care behaviors of nurses in ICU. Purpose: To explore the relationship among demographic characteristics, spiritual health, and spiritual care behaviors in ICU nurses. Method: A descriptive correlational research was used and 219 nurses from three teaching hospitals were enrolled as study participants. A structured questionnaire consisting of a demographic datasheet, a spiritual health scale, and a spiritual care behavior scale was used for data collection. SPSS for Windows version 22.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The participants received few hours of spiritual-care education. The highest scored item for spiritual health was “connecting with people＂. The highest scored item for spiritual care behavior was “helping the patient out of adversity＂. Participants who were older in age and who had more years of clinical experience exhibited spiritual care behaviors such as “helping the patient out of adversity＂ and “retaining hope＂ more frequently with their ICU patients. Conclusion/ Implications for Practice: The older and more clinically experienced nurses in this study performed spiritual care behaviors at a higher frequency than their younger, less experienced counterparts. Therefore, it is recommended that hospitals retain more-experienced nursing staff to elevate the level of holistic health care. Concurrently, training in spiritual care skills should be provided to younger and less experienced nurses in order to facilitate more spiritual care behaviors. The results of this study provide a reference for providing spiritual care behaviors to patients.