論國際投資仲裁中的條約挑選問題－－善意原則適用的視角

Treaty Shopping in International Investment Arbitration and Prevention: A Perspective from Good Faith Principle

在國際投資條約碎片化的背景下，國際投資實踐中普遍存在著條約挑選行為，給國際投資的長遠持續發展造成了損害，應加以制止。在國際投資仲裁中，與文義解釋標準相比，適用善意原則標準更有利於仲裁庭準確有效地認定條約挑選行為並加以阻止。善意原則標準主要是通過考察投資者的國籍真實有效性來判定其是否存在挑選條約這一權利濫用行為。中國在對外締結投資條約時應當將國籍真實有效性作為投資者定義條款規定的要素之一，以在較為根本的層面上防止條約挑選。

Under the background of fragmentation of international investment treaties, there are more and more treaty shopping practices, which cause damage to sustainable development of international investment, and should be restrained. Compared to semantic method of interpretation, the application of principle of good faith in arbitration is more beneficial to the precise recognition and prevention of treaty shopping. The principle of good faith identifies treaty shopping by investigating whether the nationalities of investors are real and effective. When concluding HAs, China should set the validity of nationality as one of the elements of investors' definition in order to prevent treaty shopping in a more fundamental level.