親代藥物成癮、兒童虐待對子代個體化的影響—以一位成年初期女性為例

The Influence of Parental Drug Addiction and Child Abuse on the Individuation of Offspring：A Case Study of a Woman of Early Adulthood

本研究目的是了解親代藥物成癮、兒童虐待如何對一位成年初期女性個體化產生影響。以敘事研究訪談進行資料蒐集，研究發現如下：（一）親代藥物成癮使子代經驗兒童虐待的類別包括目睹婚暴、虐老、生理虐待、精神虐待、目睹吸毒持毒、疏忽照顧、遭遇性騷擾等。兒童虐待之發展脈絡有二，1.婚姻權責失衡：子代目睹婚姻暴力；藥癮父親無執行角色職責，子代為婚姻問題的代罪羔羊；親職化成為父母各自之情緒配偶，母親尋求子代聯盟被拒施予兒虐；兒虐衍生子代目睹虐老。2.親代藥物使用問題直接導致的兒虐，包括疏忽照顧、毒癮發作所致的兒虐、被子代懷疑指認所致的兒虐。親代以管教有理、子代孝順無違、家要優先的信念維持以上兒虐的互動結構；（二）親代藥物成癮與子代內化的親職基模相違，子代出現無助、羞恥感受，負向影響個體化發展；（三）親代的兒虐行為，子代初始以害怕避離因應，之後，啟動恨/怒離反抗。但過程中，子代常困於孝道信念，出現情緒擺盪。惟個體化歷程持續發展，在子代進入成年初期時展現更多的復原力，持續整理與調整親代間的矛盾情感與互動。根據研究發現對藥癮家庭研究、藥癮兒虐實務、相關知能訓練做建議。

The purpose of this study is to understand how the individuation of a female is affected by drug-addicted parents and child abuse. Narrative interview approach is used in this study. The findings are as follows: 1.There are two development routes of child abuse: i.Imbalance of authority and responsibility in the marital relationship derived from the offspring witnessing marital violence， drug-addicted fathers absent from the duty of parenting， and offspring becoming emotional spouse for their parents. In addition， the offspring became scapegoats of child abuse after refusing mother’s invitation to an alliance. Worse yet， the offspring witnessed the grandparents abused when grandparent attempted to stop mother’s abused child. ii.Parental drug abuse directly led to different kinds of child abuses which include child care negligence and child abuse taken place in period of drug use relapse. Also， offspring got abused after suspecting parents using drug again. The structure of child abuse is deeply rooted in Chinese culture — filial piety. 2.Parental drug addiction is in conflict with internalization schema of a normal parent of offspring. The sense of helpless， abnormality and shame of offspring have a negative impact on the individuation process. 3.For the victims of child abuse， their first reaction to child abuse was being afraid and to shun the perpetrators. Afterward， hatred， anger， and resistance started to grow over time. As a result of filial piety， the offspring， during the process， felt stuck and experienced the emotional vicissitude. As the process of individuation never stops， the offspring had built up more resilience when they reached to the early stage of adulthood. The offspring will continue to cope with the contradiction and conflict with her parents.According to the findings， suggestions are made to serve as future researches regarding drug addiction family， the child abuse practice， and the training of practitioners.