台灣地區醫學教育中生命教育課程現況之探討

A Content Analysis of the Curriculum Syllabus on Life Education in Medical Universities in Taiwan, R.O.C.

生命教育自1997年倡導推動以來，已經是各級學校乃至社會中耳熟能詳的教育名詞，高等教育階段在通識教育中開授生命教育課程也甚為普遍。但是，和生命生死息息相關的醫學院所中生命教育的課程實施狀況如何，卻尚未受到關注。因此本研究以台灣11所醫學系為對象，採內容分析法，透過網路課程資訊收集2014年各醫學系開設的生命教育課程資料包括課程名稱、教學目標、及教學內容等，以孫效智（2009）所提的人生三問與生命三學之核心內涵為根據，進行生命教育課程現況分析。研究發現醫學系開設課程中所涵蓋之相關類目教材以「生命教育」（26.6％）、「生命科技與倫理」（21.7％）、及「道德倫理」（15％）類目較多。「宗教與人生」（2.5％）、「人生哲學」（5％）、與「人格統整與靈性發展」（7.5％）等類目所占比例較低，其中最缺乏「宗教與人生」類目的相關課程。根據研究發現，我們提出未來對醫學校院實施生命教育的相關建議數項。 According to related surveys, among the 163 colleges and universities in Taiwan, 12.88% offer life education courses. However, in contrast with Western medical education that values death education, life education in Taiwan's medical education lacks systematical exploration. Accordingly, this study examined 11 departments of medicine in Taiwan and collected the online course information (e.g., course names, objectives, and content) of life education courses offered by these departments in 2014. Subsequently, this study adopted the content analysis method to analyze the status quo of life education. The study results showed that of the teaching materials used in courses offered by these departments of medicine, those that covered life education (26.6%), life science, technology, and ethics (21.7%), and morals and ethics (15%) accounted for relatively high percentages, whereas religion and life (2.5%), life philosophy (5%), and personality integration and spiritual development (7.5%) accounted for relatively low percentages; courses that were related to the category of religion and life accounted for the lowest percentage. Thus, this study recommends that departments of medicine enhance their promotion of life education courses and solve the problem of “uneven” distribution of life education courses offered by various colleges and universities.