文化大革命期（1966-76 年）における新しい少数民族エリートの登場

文化大革命期間的新少數民族菁英研究（The Emergence of New Ethnic-Minority Elites During the Cultural Revolution (1966-76) ）

從文化大革命（1966-76年）爆發迄今，已經超過50年。一般而言，過去的研究大多將文革時期視為是民族工作全面被「破壞」之時期。然而，從本文的案例分析中，能夠觀察到中國共產黨（以下稱為「中共」）在重建黨組織之際，少數民族自治區的高層也出現了新的少數民族菁英。此與1969年中共第九次黨大會以後，基於提倡「吐故納新」的政策理念，進而將新的政治菁英拔擢至高層之背景有關。文革時期獲得重用、親中共體制的新少數民族菁英，於文革後也長期的、持續成為高層的政治勢力。（「菁英」在此的定義是指，少數民族自治區黨委員會常務委員層級以上的人。） 2016 marked the 50th anniversary of the beginning of the Cultural Revolution (1966-76). Many researchers regard the period as an era defined by the wholesale destruction of China’s ethnic project. However, this article argues that, with the reconstruction of the Chinese Communist Party apparatus in 1971, new ethnic-minority elites emerged at the highest levels of each ethnic-minority autonomous region. The promotion of these ethnic-minority elites is related to the policy ideal of “blow out the old air and breathe in the fresh air” (吐故納新) under which new young cadres were recruited after the 9th Party Congress of the CCP in 1969. Most of the ethnic-minority elites appointed as high-ranking officials in this period have survived and gained a kind of vested interest until now.

2016 marked the 50th anniversary of the beginning of the Cultural Revolution (1966-76). Many researchers regard the period as an era defined by the wholesale destruction of China’s ethnic project. However, this article argues that, with the reconstruction of the Chinese Communist Party apparatus in 1971, new ethnic-minority elites emerged at the highest levels of each ethnic-minority autonomous region. The promotion of these ethnic-minority elites is related to the policy ideal of “blow out the old air and breathe in the fresh air” (吐故納新) under which new young cadres were recruited after the 9th Party Congress of the CCP in 1969. Most of the ethnic-minority elites appointed as high-ranking officials in this period have survived and gained a kind of vested interest until now.