清代疑古思想的發展與演變

The Qing Dynasty Concept of “Suspecting the Ancient:” Its Developments and Evolution

疑古的傳統由來已久，特別在清代更為明顯而激烈。這與清代自身學術思想的變化密切相關。從清初以來對明末理學的反思，到清中葉所發展的漢學考據，以及晚清所復興的今文經學，所展現的是擁有「矛盾」與「鬥爭」性的學術風氣。本文以學術史的角度，從清初到清中葉發展至成熟的「漢學考據」到晚清「今文經學」的演變，探討清代疑古思想的發展軌跡及其演變。 The tradition of yigu (suspecting the ancient) has a long history, especially apparent and intense in the Qing dynasty (1644-1912). This is closely related to the changing methods of scholarly research of the Qing dynasty itself. Early Qing saw the introspection of Neo-Confucianism of the late Ming dynasty (1368-1644), and into the mid-Qing appeared Han-classical textual research, finally to the late Qing revived the New Textual scholarship on Confucianism. Essentially throughout the Qing dynasty scholarly climate showed distinct characteristics of 'contradiction' and 'conflict.' From a scholarly history perspective, this paper examines the traces of development and maturity of Han-classical textual research from early to mid-Qing, and the evolution of the New Textual scholarship of the late Qing. It aims to probe and clarify the evolution and influences of the concept of “suspecting the ancient” during the Qing dynasty.