明末清初商景蘭遺民心志與藝文生命初探

A study of Shang Jing-Lan's(1605-1676) Literary Experience and Loyalist Emotion

商景蘭（1605-1676）是明末清初重要女性文學代表。本文擬在前行「遺民」研究基礎，重新審視商景蘭文學創作，著重其女性遺民文學表現，試圖釐清女性身份是否使其遺民情志呈現特殊觀看角度？作為明末清初的女性文學代表，她的藝文生命如何展現？在明末清初文學史中的意義何在。本研究將藉由耙梳商景蘭生命軌跡、作品內在意涵，具體論證她在閨秀期間的深厚藝文培養，爾後卻在「金童玉女」婚姻生活階段蛻變成消音「無聲」的妻子；後期，反在家國毀敗、丈夫殉國後，面對生死抉擇之下，由被凝視觀看的客體轉換為發聲書寫的主體，最終在寡居生活中成就文學生涯。而在遺民心志表達方面，商氏更因性別差異、家族身份背景等差異特質，呈現出與多數男性遺民文人耽於悔恨之相異心態，展現出另類女性遺民心志。 Shang Jing-Lan is one of the most famous and important female writers in the Ming-Qing Transition. Base on loyalist research in the past years, this article re-investigates Shang Jing-Lan's poetry, focus on the performance characteristics of female literature, trying to explore that is there a special viewing angle . On the other hand, be a Ming-Qing female loyalist, how would she express her literary experience. This article begins by describing how should Shang express literary experience during the chamber/conjugal and widow life? Then, through a careful examination of her literature, the author attempts to explore Shang Jing-Lan's unique loyalist emotion, and also to compare the difference with male loyalists.