陳霆詞中之道家情懷與仙境書寫

Chen Ting tsu showed the mind of Taoism

陳霆是成化到嘉靖年間極為重要的詞人，他在世時，有將近四十年的時間都過著隱居山林的生活，陳霆自言：「予性樂閑退，平生宦歷，遇林壑美處，輒飄然起掛冠之興。」在這樣的思維下，他的詞中便透露出具有道家思想的心境。然而陳霆並非一開始就有隱居的思想，從他早年的詞作觀之，他仍有對於入世的渴望，以道家思想「排憂」，表現出了失意文人的灑脫；但在經歷了貶謫時期，陳霆詞中所展現的道家情懷就漸漸地表露「悟道」、「法自然」的內涵，對於自然景物與閒適生活的描寫頗為深刻，在陳霆詞中可以看出他道家情懷的明朗化。另一方面，陳霆詞中的仙語頗多，而在「世俗」與「隱逸」的兩種意涵下也產生了不同的書寫特色。陳霆詞中表達出的道家情懷與仙境書寫，正是與他的生活相互印證。 Chen Ting was the most important poet in Ming Dynasty. He had been a hermit for forty years when he was alive. “I enjoy the leisure time indeed. I always desire to quit while I meet a beautiful forest every time.” said Chen. Due to this thinking, his tsu showed the mind of Taoism. Chen didn't have solitary thoughts when he was young actually. From his earlier tsu, it was obvious to realize his ambitions to the society. However, Tao was the best way to release his anxiety and his tsu started to exhibit his relaxation. After dismissing from his job, his articles showed “Tao” and “Nature”, and described more natural landscape and leisure life deeply. From his tsu, we can point out the positive side of Taoism. In addition, he used lots of “God's languages” in his tsu and had different writing styles of “society” and “solitary” as well. Therefore, the Taoism of his tsu was combines with his life.