詞學札記五則

Five Entries of Notebook on the Scholarship of Lyric

本文討論五則詞學問題，茲分述如下：一、紅樓別夜堪惆悵：韋莊〈菩薩蠻〉之一「紅樓別夜堪惆悵」，俞平伯註「紅樓」為「豪門富家的住所」。然「紅樓」實不必然指「豪門富家的住所」。對於特定文本中的特定詞語之詮解，仍有待於綜合各種資料，通過多方求證、考索，方能得其真意。二、詞亦有詞文先製者：舉例說明詞亦有詞文先製者，並非現存所有的詞皆是先有歌詞再按譜填製的。三、「墜花翹」及其他：析論各《花間集》注本對於韋莊〈訴衷情〉之二注解不當之處。尤其詞末「墜花翹」三字的經營，表現韋莊詞特有的「隔句跳接」手法，惜多為一般注者所忽略。四、鍾輻屬南唐詞人：考證鍾輻其人之主要活動年代。由於他生長於南唐，故張璋、黃畬編《全唐五代詞》將其歸入南唐詞人，可謂有其根據。但就其傳世〈卜算子慢〉一詞之填寫時間而言，則當已入宋代。五、卒年已在宋朝的五代十國詞人：張璋、黃畬編《全唐五代詞》歸入五代詞者有四十九家，然而其中若干詞人卒年已在宋朝，如：李後主、徐鉉、錢惟演、陶縠、韓熙載等人均是。 This article discusses five questions in the scholarship of Lyric. They are as follows: First, this line: “Red chamber, parting night, much to regret” in Wei Zhuang's (c. 836-910) “Pusa man” I. Yu Pingbo notes here, “red chamber” means “the residence of influential and wealthy family.” However, “red chamber” in fact does not necessarily refer to “residence of influential and wealthy family.” The interpretation of specific words in specific texts still awaits integrations of various data through all means of proving and verifying in order to obtain their true meanings. Second, among the lyric poems, there are those with lyrics composed first: Illustrates by evidences that not all extant lyric had lyrics of song first and followed by filling in words according to the melodies. Third, the three characters: zhui hua qiao (fallen flower raises) and others: Analyzes the places where various annotation works of Huajian ji (Among the Flowers Collection) misinterpret Wei Zhuang's “Su zhongqing” II (Telling the feelings in one's heart). Especially, the wording of zhui hua qiao at the end of this lyric poem shows the unique usage of “geju tiaojie” (jumping connection every other sentence) in Wei Zhuang's lyric. Unfortunately it had often been overlooked by common annotators. Fourth, Zhong Fu was a poet of the Southern Tang (937-975): Textual researches Zhong Fu's major active era. As he grew up during the Southern Tang, Zhang Zhang and Huang Yu comps., Quan Tang Wudai ci (Complete Lyric of the Tang and Five Dynasties) categorizes him among the lyric poets of the Southern Tang; it has its basis. Nevertheless, judging the time when Zhong Fu composed his famous “Busuanzi man, ” it is estimated well into the Song dynasty (960-1279). Fifth, the lyric poets of the Five Dynasties and Ten States (907-960) who died during the following Song dynasty: Zhang Zhang and Huang Yu comps., Quan Tang Wudai ci (Complete Lyric of the Tang and Five Dynasties) lists forty-nine lyric poets in the Five dynasties category. However, among these poets several died during the following Song dynasty, such as Li Houzhu (Li Yu, the Last Emperor of Southern Tang), Xu Xuan, Qian Weiyan, Tao Hu, and Han Xizai, etc.