漁船用電安全之研究

Study of Electrical Safety on Fishing Vessels

台灣屬島嶼型國家四面環海，海洋資源豐富且發達，漁業年產值近千憶新台幣且漁業技術聞名遐邇。根據行政院農委會漁業署95年漁業年報統計，20噸以上100噸以下動力漁船計有3234艘，佔我國總漁船數之冠，然而產，官，學界對此種小型漁船之用電安全及通信干擾仍缺乏完整性研究。一般而言，船用電力系統與通信設備相對於岸上系統有些不同，其安全性與穩定度等特性要求較為嚴苛，舉凡船上導航儀器、通信設備、機電設備、生活用電等皆需靠電力，如在航行中發電機或電力系統發生故障，可能將對人員或設備造成無法彌補的嚴重後果。本研究擬以實地量測與調查為主，結合數值軟體分析與模擬，探討漁船電力系統所可能引起的相關用電安全與通信干擾等問題，以作為小型漁船設計、建造或航行時之用電安全的參考。 Taiwan is an island surrounded by seas and has well fisheries resources. In recent years, production of fisheries has reached under NT$ 100 billions. The fishery's technology is also well-known and deep-sea fishing achievement is great. Based on 2005 Taiwan fisheries yearbook of fisheries agency, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, R.O.C., the number of 20~100 tons power fishing vessels are 3,224 that is the most of all power fishing vessels in Taiwan. Power and communication systems on fishing vessels with high safety and stability are needed and arc different from those in the lands. Navigation, communication, electromechanical and living equipment on fishing vessels all require electricity. When a generator or a power system is broken down on the sea, it may affect humans or equipment safety. Moreover, if a vessel is stroke by a lightning during navigations, the communication system may be damaged to endanger navigations. This research is to investigate the electrical safety on fishing vessels based on in-situ measurements and surveys as well as computer simulations. Hopefully, a standard of power usages with safety and communication without interferences for a fishing vessel can be established as a reference for design, building and navigation of a vessel in the future.