近代日本における進化概念の受容とその変貌–メディア界の言説資料から–

從媒介界之論點資料概觀近代日本進化概念的受容與變容（The acceptance and its transformation of evolution concepts in modern Japan: From statement material in the media community）

本論文目的為了探知近代日本進化概念如何在當時社會被接受，又如何被轉變？將藉由使用媒體報導資料，以案例研究之方式來進行剖析近代日本社會中之進化概念的受容與變容。取材於《讀賣新聞》資料集中之「讀賣資料歷史觀」（以下簡稱《讀賣》）。其中包含了明治期（1879～1912）、大正期（1912～1926）、昭和戦前期（1926～1945）、昭和戦後期（1945～1986）等，有關「進化」之相關報導。考察分析結果顯示：遍及於近代日本大衆社會中之「進化」概念，至昭和戰爭前期皆以社會進化論為主流，昭和戰爭後期開始才以生物學相關的進化為主軸開始發展。一般所謂的思想研究範疇，大都限定於某位思想家來了解其思想以及其思想上的種種轉變。而本次則採取從社會層面來觀察且應證出一點，即是某位思想家之思想紹介與社會上受容並非是處於直接對應之關係，於是給予該社會之影響（受容、變容）過程，有必要從不同的思維角度，來進行深度觀察以及研究。 In order to know a spread of the social acceptance of the evolution concept in modern Japan, the data of media were used for this paper and it followed acceptance and its change in modern Japan society concerning the evolution concept by the method of the case study with the following procedures. This paper took up the evolution relation articles on the Meiji term (1879-1912),Taisho term (1912-1926) ,Showa prewar-days term (1926-1945) and the Showa postwar term (1945-1986), using the YOMIDASU Rekishikan by the Yomiuri Shimbun database as case data. As a result, acceptance of the evolution concept in the mass society in modern Japan of a Showa prewar-days term had social evolution theory in use. However, it turned out that biology-related evolution took the lead from the Showa postwar term. The conventional thought research is limited the object only to the thinker, and tries to understands development of thought, etc. However, if it sees from a point of this social acceptance, a thinker's thought introduction and social acceptance are not in a direct correspondence relation, and it can ask that it is necessary to consider the acceptance process to society from a different viewpoint.