ネイチャーライティングの定義・起源・系譜・特徴–ポスト3・11 日本原発文学研究を射程に–

「自然書寫」之定義．緣起．系譜．特徵：為後3．11日本原発文學研究奠定理論基礎（About the Definition, Origin, Genealogy, and the Feature of Nature Writings: Aiming at the Nuclear Power Plant Literary Researches of Japan after 3-11）

烏爾利希．貝克（Ulrich Beck 1944-）於著作《風險社會》（1986）一書當中，將現代社會稱為「風險社會」，並主張産業發達進入「第二近代」新的時代之後，社會充滿了空前未見的「新風險」。即使是人類社會所產出的文明産物，但人類的現今的技術無法妥善處理核廢料或輻射外洩的問題。此類問題正是烏爾利希．貝克所稱的「新風險」。而此「新風險」在東日本大震災之後（後3．11），以更明確的形式出現，威脅含日本的全球化人類社會的生存。特別是在3．11之後，日本社會普遍出現依賴產業技術的價值觀崩壞而覓求新價值觀。而面臨此時此刻，在歐美常將「自然書寫」有効地利用於考察人類與自然（生態．環境）間的關係，值得借鏡來分析後3．11日本原發文學。本論文為奠定後3．11日本原發文學的研究理論基礎，先試著回顧、彙整「自然書寫」定義、緣起、系譜、特徴。並概觀日本國內「自然書寫」相關學會的學術活動。進而自期勇於扮演承先啟後的角色。 The ”risk society” (1986) of Ulrich Beck (1944- ) is calling modern society ”risk society.” Industrial society has entered in the new ”second modernization”, and he says that our society has come to hold ”a new risk” of not having existed before. Nuclear waste and the radiation of loss of control which human society has produced are just the ”new risk” itself. Such ”a new risk” takes a clear form after 3.11, and has become a survival crisis of the all mankind of global society including Japan.In Europe and America, the ”nature writing” has often been used as the effective technique of considering the relation between man and nature. If this is applied to the nuclear power plant literature of Japan after 3-11, it is effective.This paper is aimed at arranging briefly the definition, origin, genealogy, and the feature of a ”nature writing” as a preparatory step. For the same purpose, this argument surveys activity of the academic societies related to ”nature writing” in Japan, and expects that Taiwan can also take part in the research activities of ASLE which can also be said to be a new international organization from now on.