武者小路実篤とメーテルリンク–メーテルリンク思想の受容と影響の視点から–

談梅特林克對武者小路實篤思想形成之影（Mushanokoji and Materlinck: The Impact of Materlinck on Mushanokoji's Main Thinking）

眾所周知，武者小路實篤（以下簡稱武者小路）的中心思想形成的過程中，深受託爾斯泰的影響，曾經以托爾斯泰的忠實信徒自居，但是在雜誌『白樺』出刊前，武者小路已超脫出托爾斯泰思想的框架，轉而接受梅特林克及惠特曼等西洋賢哲的部分理念，形成標榜個人主義、自然尊重、自他尊重、活出自我、發揮個我等理念，終其一生更以宣揚其人生理念，進而改變社會作為他的志業。本文根據武者小路及上述學者的作品、自傳及相關研究論文，除序言及結論之外，即分為四個小節，分別就梅特林克，對武者小路實篤人生理念形成的影響做探討。接觸及認識梅特林克對梅特林克思想的認同個人主義的萌芽及形成梅特林克思想對武者小路實篤的作品的影響。 It is well known that Saneatsu Mushanokoji is deeply affected by Tolstoy in the formation of his main thinking. However, prior to release of the ”Sirakaba Magazine,” Mushanokoji's mindset has moved out of Tolstoy's box and starts to accept some concepts upheld by Western scholars such as Materlinck and Whiteman. These concepts are gradually developed into Mushanokoji's individualism, respect for nature, respect for others, being self and self-actualization. This article discusses Materlinck's influence on Mushanokoji's main thinking based on Mushanokoji's literary works, autobiography and relevant researches in the following four areas. 1. Initial Contact - to illustrate how Mushanokoji knows Materlinck 2. Acceptance - Mushanokoji accepts Materlinck's concepts of self-respect, optimism, and a pursuit of happiness with wisdom3. Individualism- Taking the Sirakaba Magazine as a point of departure, Mushanokoji's individualism emerges and develops into some main thinking in his lifetime. 4. Literary impact- Materlinck's concept of ”life as the goal of art” has an enormous impact on Mushanokoji in his creation of novels and drama.