| 中文摘要 |
為瞭解臺灣中部地區台灣獼猴（Macaca cyclopis）危害農作物的情形，在苗栗、臺中、南投、彰化及雲林等五縣，以訪問農民的方式進行調查，訪問的項目包括：受害農園的地點、海拔高度、受害的作物種類、受害的季節、受害的程度、土地所有歸屬及農民的防治方法等資料。受害農民的農地分布在這五縣的26鄉鎮市61村里中。受害地點分布在1,500m以下的山坡地，其中以海拔500m以下最多。所有受害地點皆緊臨樹林。受害的農作物計有33種，其中以孟宗竹、桂竹、龍眼的受害情形較多。台灣獼猴危害農作物的季節以產季為主，有時果實未全熟亦會被台灣獼猴食用。平均每位受害農民損失8.1萬元，但多數在5萬元以下（61％）。受害農園的土地所有權歸屬，以國有林班租地最多（45％），其損失金額則占全部損失63％之多。對於獼猴危害的現象，農民採用的防治方式包括：改變經營方式、阻隔、驚嚇與驅趕、捕捉、毒殺及射殺等六大類。各防治方法的效果因人、因地而有不同，文中對此有進一步探討。
Farm crop damages by the Formosan macaque (Macaca cyclopis) in central Taiwan were surveyed by interviewing the farmers with questionnaire, concerning with the type of crop damage, raiding season, amount of damage, control technique, raided location, elevation, and farm ownership. The crop damages caused by the monkey occurred in villages of townships in five prefectures. They occurred at elevations less than 1500m and most commonly below 500m. All the locations were at the forest edges. The monkey raided 33 kinds of crops, with the Moso bamboo shoot at the top of its raiding list. It was followed by Makino bamboo shoot, longan, and ballana. Monkey raids occurred mostly in the season of harvest'. The average damages in terms of cash was NTS81,000 per fanner. and 610% of the farmers lost less than NT$50,000. Forty-five percent of the farms where the damages occurred were located in national forests, which accounted for 630% of the total loss estimated by this survey. Six techliiques were used by the farmers for controlling 11、monkey raids :l) modification of culturalpractice, 2)exclusion, 3)frigl、tel、ing, 4)trapping, 5)toxicatiol,, and 6)shooting. The effectiveness of these techlliques differed greatly among the farmers. |
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