澳洲原住民族的礦產開發諮商同意權

Aboriginal Mining Consultation and Consent Rights in Australia

本文說明澳洲原住民土地權利的爭取過程，並探討澳洲原住民的職業開採同意權相關議題。基本上，NativeTitleAct是澳洲處理原住民土地權益的核心法案。雖然NativeTitle保障澳洲原住民的礦權與土地權主張，但是NativeTitle並不等於真正的土地權。近40年來澳洲原住民的職權與土地權益有不錯的進展，但也有不少案例凸顯NativeTitle並不能有效保障澳洲原住民土地權利的主張，特別在重視經濟利益與開發的政治環境下，澳洲的政黨、政府都與礦業公司依舊維持良好關係。 This article describes the process of seeking land rights and discusses related issues of the aboriginal mining rights in Australia. Basically, the Native Title Act is Australia's important bill to deal with Aboriginal land rights. Although Native Title guarantees the mineral rights and land rights of the aborigines, it does not equal the real land rights. In the past 40 years, although the Australian aboriginal rights and land rights have made good progress, there are also cases that Native Title could not effectively protect the rights of aboriginal peoples' land.