臺北帝國大學南洋史學講座．專攻及其戰後遺緒（1928-1960）

Nanyō-shi as Research Chair and as a Major at Taihoku Imperial University and its Postwar Legacy

臺北帝國大學（臺北帝大）於1928年設立，其後身國立臺灣大學（臺大）於今年（2018）舉辦90週年校慶活動。學校建校歷史推算至日本時代，是解嚴後的趨勢。然而，1945年的大變局影響臺灣至鉅，學校縱使有前後身之關係，其間斷裂恐多於承繼。本文選取臺北帝大文政學部史學科「南洋史學」作為研究對象，試圖重建該專攻（含同名講座）的歷史，及其戰後演變。本文首先敘述臺北帝國大學設立的經過，並探討名稱由「臺灣帝國大學」變更為「臺北帝國大學」的原因。臺北帝大的創設宗旨，以臺灣．東洋．南洋之自然界及人文界為研究對象。這是以地理位置定義學術方向，也因此文政學部史學科有別於其他帝國大學，設有「南洋史學」之講座與專攻。透過資料整理，本文嘗試勾畫南洋史學的講座、編制、專攻，以及課程。誰來讀南洋史學？以臺大校史檔案為根據，本文提出較為完整的圖景，尤其是鮮為人知的戰爭期景況。南洋史專攻的學生中，以中村孝志（1910-1994）與張美惠（1924-2008）最有關係，因此特詳予描述。張美惠「具體」過渡到戰後的臺大，另外受日本史學訓練、研究越南史的陳荊和（1917-1995）也加入教學陣容。張、陳二人延續臺北帝大的南洋史學傳統，惟因種種原因，二人相繼離開臺大。此後，臺大的南洋史研究中斷26年，最後由曹永和（1920-2014）賡續臺北帝大的南洋史研究。 Taihoku Imperial University (TIU) was established in 1928, and its successor National Taiwan University (NTU) is celebrating its ninetieth anniversary this year. To date the establishment of a school back to the Japanese era has become a trend in Taiwan since the lifting of Martial Law in 1987. Nonetheless, the changing hands of rulership in 1945 had a tremendous impact on Taiwan, and the rupture between TIU and NTU seems to be greater than the continuity. This article focuses on Nanyō-shi (the history of Southern Seas), and aims to present Nanyō-shi as Research Chair (kōza in Japanese) and as a major (senkō in Japanese) and its postwar developments. This article first deals with the founding of Taihoku Imperial University and discusses the last-minute change of university name from Taiwan Imperial University to Taihoku Imperial University. The stated goal of the University was to study the natural world and cultural phenomena of Taiwan, Tōyō (East Asia, mainly China and Korea) and Nanyō. This means that locality determined the direction of scholarship, and as a result the Research Chair and Major of Nanyō-shi were established at TIU, which did not exist in the History Departments of other Imperial Universities. This article examines the Nanyō-shi as Research Chair, a major, and the organization and curricula related to them. Who came to major in Nanyō-shi at TIU? Based on university archives, this article offers a more complete account of the Nanyō-shi major than previously understood, especially during the wartime period. This article focuses on Nakamura Takashi and Chō Mie, the two students who maintained close relationships with postwar Taiwan. Chō Mie continued to study at NTU and joined the NTU faculty after her graduation. Later on, Chen Ching Ho, a Japan-trained historian of Vietnam, also joined the faculty. Chō Mie and Chen Ching Ho continued the scholarly tradition of Nanyō-shi until around 1960. After a long 26-year absence of Nanyō-shi at NTU, Ts'ao Yung-ho revived it, now as a branch of maritime history, and has made it thrive again.