土地財產權制度執行問題之研究──以墾丁國家公園三個個案為例

Enforcement Problems of Land Property Rights Institutions-Three Cases of Kenting National Park

國家公園相關研究多著重於規劃、管制或經營等層面，較缺乏從財產權界定與執行的觀點，探討非法占用公有地或違法擴張使用問題。本文基於財產權理論，研究墾丁國家公園內的墾丁大街文化巷、南灣海域、社頂自然公園與籠仔埔牧場等三個個案，透過半結構式訪談法與直接觀察法蒐集資料，並以個案研究法進行資料分析，以探討土地財產權制度接受者與制度執行者的行為對土地財產權制度環境、治理機制與土地財產權範圍配置的影響。研究發現三個個案非法占用或違法擴張使用等土地財產權制度執行問題，其解決方式皆採取重新界定土地財產權的對策。於解決對策執行過程中，政府重新界定土地財產權時，處於被動的地位，迎合制度接受者的要求，易產生不良示範效果等界定問題，同時衍生出契約不完全、私部門組織分裂等土地財產權制度執行問題。本文針對上述研究發現提出相關建議，供未來墾丁國家公園土地財產權制度執行問題解決對策之思考方向。 Relevant research about National Parks more focuses on planning, control, or management, but there is the lack of perspective of definition and enforcement of property rights to explore the illegal occupation or unlawful expansive use. This research is based on the property rights theory, through semi-structured interviews and direct observation method to collect data, and case study to analysis three cases of Kenting Street Cultural Lane, South Bay, and Sheding Natural Park and Long Tsai Po pasture in Kenting National Park. In order to investigate the recipients' and executors' behavior how to affect land property rights institutions environment, governance mechanisms and land property rights assignment. This research found the solutions to the enforcement problems of land property rights institutions, illegal occupation or unlawful expansive use in cases, are redefinition land property rights. In the process of solutions implementation, the State is in a passive position to redefine land property rights so that meet the recipients' requirements. That easily causes definition problems of land property rights. In addition, other enforcement issues of land property rights institutions, contractual incompleteness and division of private sector organizations, are derived from solutions. The results of the research will make further suggestions to solutions to the enforcement issues of land property rights institutions in Kenting National Park.

Relevant research about National Parks more focuses on planning, control, or management, but there is the lack of perspective of definition and enforcement of property rights to explore the illegal occupation or unlawful expansive use. This research is based on the property rights theory, through semi-structured interviews and direct observation method to collect data, and case study to analysis three cases of Kenting Street Cultural Lane, South Bay, and Sheding Natural Park and Long Tsai Po pasture in Kenting National Park. In order to investigate the recipients' and executors' behavior how to affect land property rights institutions environment, governance mechanisms and land property rights assignment. This research found the solutions to the enforcement problems of land property rights institutions, illegal occupation or unlawful expansive use in cases, are redefinition land property rights. In the process of solutions implementation, the State is in a passive position to redefine land property rights so that meet the recipients' requirements. That easily causes definition problems of land property rights. In addition, other enforcement issues of land property rights institutions, contractual incompleteness and division of private sector organizations, are derived from solutions. The results of the research will make further suggestions to solutions to the enforcement issues of land property rights institutions in Kenting National Park.