關刀溪森林生態系台灣二葉松與台灣五葉松之物候現象

The phenology of Pinus taiwanensis and Pinus morrisonicola in Guandaushi forest ecosystem

1997年9月至1999年4月間在關刀溪森林生態系就台灣二葉松與台灣五葉松之物候現象進行研究。台灣二葉松之各物候期：1月為抽芽期；2月至3月為雄毬花出現期及展葉期；3月至4月為雄毬花散粉期、雌毬花開花期及授粉期；授粉後雌毬花休眠長達一年，翌年4月至5月為受精期；9月起為種子成熟期；10起為長達半年的種子飄散期。台灣五葉松之各物候期：3月為抽芽期；3月至4月為雄毬花出現期；4月至5月為展葉期、雄毬花散粉期、雌毬花開花期、授粉期；授粉後雌毬花休眠約一年，進入受精期；9月起為種子成熟期；11月至翌年1月為種子飄散期。兩樹種之雄毬花散粉期皆較雌毬花開花期長。台灣二葉松與台灣五葉松之雌毬花開花期，珠孔張開以接受花粉，台灣二葉松珠孔附近有授粉液滴。台灣二葉松具輕度毬果延遲性；台灣五葉松不具毬果延遲性，種子成熟後毬果即開裂。 The phenology or Pinus taiwanensis and P. morrisonicola in Guandaushi forest were investigated from September 1997 to April 1999. The phonological phases of P. taiwanensis were listed as follows: budding in January; microstrobili-appearing and leafing in February and March; pollen-releasing, megastrobili-flowering and pollination in March and April; and then dormancy about one year, fertilization in the next April .and May; seed maturation in September; seed dispersal from October and lasted for half year. The phonological phases of P. morrisonicola were; budding in March: microstrobili-appearing in March and April; leafing, pollen-releasing megastrobili-flowering, and pollination in April and May; megastrobili dormancy for one year and then fertilization in the next April and May; seed maturation in September; seed dispersal from November to next January. The duration of pollen-releasing was longer than chm of megastrobili-flowering in both species. The micropyles of both pines were widely open at megastrobili-flowering phase. Pollination drops of P. taiwanensis were present. Cone serotiny exists in P. taiwanensis for prolonging seed release. However, cones of P. morrisonicola were nonserotinous, and seeds released immediately after maturation.

The phenology or Pinus taiwanensis and P. morrisonicola in Guandaushi forest were investigated from September 1997 to April 1999. The phonological phases of P. taiwanensis were listed as follows: budding in January; microstrobili-appearing and leafing in February and March; pollen-releasing, megastrobili-flowering and pollination in March and April; and then dormancy about one year, fertilization in the next April .and May; seed maturation in September; seed dispersal from October and lasted for half year. The phonological phases of P. morrisonicola were; budding in March: microstrobili-appearing in March and April; leafing, pollen-releasing megastrobili-flowering, and pollination in April and May; megastrobili dormancy for one year and then fertilization in the next April and May; seed maturation in September; seed dispersal from November to next January. The duration of pollen-releasing was longer than chm of megastrobili-flowering in both species. The micropyles of both pines were widely open at megastrobili-flowering phase. Pollination drops of P. taiwanensis were present. Cone serotiny exists in P. taiwanensis for prolonging seed release. However, cones of P. morrisonicola were nonserotinous, and seeds released immediately after maturation.