委外經營制度於金門國家公園傳統建築再利用之研究

The Research of Adaptive Reuse of Traditional Houses in Kinmen National Park, Taiwan

金門國家公園是戰地型國家公園，閩南建築聚落是其獨有的特色之一。國家公園管理處以委外經營的方式由個人經營具有閩式傳統建築風格的民宿與將洋樓作為賣店，使遊客能體驗金門當地的生活形態與文化習俗。本研究以深度訪談的方式訪問民宿經營者、國家公園處官員、金門縣政府官員、非營利組織領導人等政策利害關係人，藉以剖析傳統建築再利用的委外經營。研究結果顯示此政策使得聚落風貌得到較好的維持，並在傳統建築維護上收到不錯的結果；在修復傳統建築的過程中，也產生了類似ROT的個案，此顯示了制度創新的潛力；經營期的延長有助於提高經營者長期經營與投資意願；關於引導民間部門的創新能力方面，田野調查的結果確認其相當的成功；金門傳統建築再利用的成功逐漸擴大到社區營造，成功地建立了建築物與人的活動的連結，也為金門的聚落保存與申請世界遺產奠下積極且正面的基礎。 Kinmen National Park is well known by its world's best preserved villages of Southern Fujian architecture and battlefield heritages. The National Park Service commissioned the reused traditional houses for Bed & Breakfast or restaurant and outsourcing to individuals. Therefore, tourists could be experienced traditional village life and cultural norms. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the adaptive reuse of traditional houses by in-depth interviews with B & B operators, National Park Service officials, the Kinmen county government officials, NGO leaders and other policy stakeholders. Research findings are listed as below: the outsourcing policy enables the conservation of traditional houses and settlement landscape to be more effective; the renovation case which is similar with ROT (Refurnish-Operate-Transfer) reveals the potential of institutional innovation; extended contract period is helpful to reinforce the investment incentives for the private sector; the innovation activity of the private sector is confirmed to be pretty successful by field research. The success of adaptive reuse policy of traditional houses also expands to the feedback and concern of community participation. The outsourcing policy also provides a sound foundation for the conservation of traditional settlement and the ambitious goal of application for the world heritage site.

Kinmen National Park is well known by its world's best preserved villages of Southern Fujian architecture and battlefield heritages. The National Park Service commissioned the reused traditional houses for Bed & Breakfast or restaurant and outsourcing to individuals. Therefore, tourists could be experienced traditional village life and cultural norms. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the adaptive reuse of traditional houses by in-depth interviews with B & B operators, National Park Service officials, the Kinmen county government officials, NGO leaders and other policy stakeholders. Research findings are listed as below: the outsourcing policy enables the conservation of traditional houses and settlement landscape to be more effective; the renovation case which is similar with ROT (Refurnish-Operate-Transfer) reveals the potential of institutional innovation; extended contract period is helpful to reinforce the investment incentives for the private sector; the innovation activity of the private sector is confirmed to be pretty successful by field research. The success of adaptive reuse policy of traditional houses also expands to the feedback and concern of community participation. The outsourcing policy also provides a sound foundation for the conservation of traditional settlement and the ambitious goal of application for the world heritage site.